ArticlePloS one2015
Function and evolutionary origin of unicellular camera-type eye structure.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolution of complex organelles in ocelloid-bearing dinoflagellates.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Some Insights into the Inventiveness of Dinoflagellates: Coming Back to the Cell Biology of These Protists.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Article
- Algal Ocelloids and Plant Ocelli.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Bioluminescence and Photoreception in Unicellular Organisms: Light-Signalling in a Bio-Communication Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Individuality, self and sociality of vascular plants.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Article
- Grounding cognition: heterarchical control mechanisms in biology.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Article
- Pattern Formation and Complexity in Single Cells.Current biology : CB · 2020Review
- Flexible control of movement in plants.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Article
- Photoreception in Phytoplankton.Integrative and comparative biology · 2016Article
- Homeodomain proteins: an update.Chromosoma · 2016Review
- Protistology: How to build a microbial eye.Nature · 2015Article
- Article
- Proteomic Analysis of a Fraction with Intact Eyespots of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Assignment of Protein Methylation.Frontiers in plant science · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ocelloid is an extraordinary eyespot organelle found only in the dinoflagellate family Warnowiaceae. It contains retina- and lens-like structures called the retinal body and the hyalosome. The ocelloid has been an evolutionary enigma because of its remarkable resemblance to the multicellular camera-type eye. To determine if the ocelloid is functionally photoreceptive, we investigated the warnowiid dinoflagellate Erythropsidinium. Here, we show that the morphology of the retinal body changed depending on different illumination conditions and the hyalosome manifests the refractile nature. Identifying a rhodopsin gene fragment in Erythropsidinium ESTs that is expressed in the retinal body by in situ hybridization, we also show that ocelloids are actually light sensitive photoreceptors. The rhodopsin gene identified is most closely related to bacterial rhodopsins. Taken together, we suggest that the ocelloid is an intracellular camera-type eye, which might be originated from endosymbiotic origin.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.