ReviewBritish journal of cancer2015
Applying symptom appraisal models to understand sociodemographic differences in responses to possible cancer symptoms: a research agenda.
Review in British journal of cancer, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Subjective Cognitive Dysfunction in Chronic Illness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis.Western journal of nursing research · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Exploring perceived access to and previous experiences with general practice and associations with health literacy in the Danish population.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic disparities in treatment and survival of oesophageal and gastric cancer in the Netherlands: a nationwide population-based study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- Later-Stage Diagnosis and Poorer Survival in Pancreatic Cancer Patients With Vague Symptoms: A Population-Based Study.United European gastroenterology journal · 2026Article
- Willingness to Share Internet Use Data for Research on Early Disease Detection: Cross-Sectional Survey.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Acceptability of Sharing Internet Browsing History for Cancer Research: Think-Aloud and Interview Study.JMIR cancer · 2026Article
- Health Care Use > 2 Years After Cancer Diagnosis: Results From a Survey Among 5,710 Patients With Various Cancer Types.Psycho-oncology · 2026Article
- Improved interoceptive awareness in professional performers of the traditional Japanese theatrical art "Noh".Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Empowering early detection: a pioneering breast health training course for healthcare workers in Malawi.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Associations of dyadic appraisal of cancer cachexia symptoms with psychological distress and quality of life in dyads of palliative care patients: a longitudinal mixed-methods study protocol.BMC palliative care · 2025Article
- Relationship between symptoms, sociodemographic factors, and general practice help-seeking in 10 904 adults aged 50 and over.European journal of public health · 2025Article
- Estimating and Explaining the Differences in Health Care Seeking by Symptom Burden Among Persons With Presumptive Tuberculosis: Findings From a Population-Based Tuberculosis Prevalence Survey in a High-Burden Setting in India.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Symptoms of older orthopedic and rheumatic patients : A telephone survey about symptoms, symptom communication, treatment and further support after hospital discharge.Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie · 2024Article
- Interoceptive awareness in a clinical setting: the need to bring interoceptive perspectives into clinical evaluation.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Review
- Investigating the role of symptom valorisation in tuberculosis patient delay in urban areas in Portugal.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Evaluation of the association of area-level socioeconomic deprivation and breast cancer recurrence by oestrogen receptor subtypes in Scotland.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2023Article
- Patient-reported mental health and well-being trajectories in oncology patients during radiation therapy: an exploratory retrospective cohort analysis using the Ontario Cancer Registry.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2023Article
- Symptom appraisal and help seeking in males with symptoms of possible prostate cancer: a qualitative study with an ethnically diverse sample in London.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSociodemographic inequalities in the stage of diagnosis and cancer survival may be partly due to differences in the appraisal interval (time from noticing a bodily change to perceiving a reason to discuss symptoms with a health-care professional). A number of symptom appraisal models have been developed describing the psychological factors that underlie how people make sense of symptoms, although none explicitly focus on sociodemographic characteristics.
methodsWe therefore conducted a conceptual review synthesising all symptom appraisal models, and focus on potential links with sociodemographics that could be the focus of future research.
resultsCommon psychological elements across nine symptom appraisal models included knowledge, attention, expectation and identity, all of which could be sensitive to sociodemographic factors. For example, lower socioeconomic status (SES), male sex and older age are associated with lower health literacy generally and lower cancer symptom knowledge. Limited attentional resources, lower expectations about health and lack of social support also hamper symptom interpretation, and would be likely to be more prevalent in those from lower SES backgrounds. Symptom heuristics ('rules of thumb') may lead to symptoms being normalised because they are common within the social network, potentially disadvantaging older populations.
conclusionsA better understanding of the processes through which people interpret their symptoms, and the way these processes differ by sociodemographic factors, could help guide the development of interventions with the aim of reducing inequalities in cancer outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.