ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015
Origin of the HIV-1 group O epidemic in western lowland gorillas.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers.
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85 citing papers in PubMed, 187 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Predicting the evolutionary and structural compensation in Tat ARM region across HIV-1 groups using machine learning approach.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Gene Encoding the Antisense Protein ASP of HIV-1: Origin, Distribution and Maintenance.Viruses · 2026Review
- Phylogenetics and molecular evolution to understand and curb the HIV pandemic.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- A divergent hepatitis A virus lineage in wild western lowland gorillas and central chimpanzees supports localized circulation and expands HAV diversity.Virus evolution · 2026Article
- Taxonomic variation in immune response strategies among primates.Genes and immunity · 2025Review
- Epidemiology of HIV in Remote Equatorial Regions of Cameroon: High Prevalence in Older Adults and Regional Disparities.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Under the Radar: Immune Evasion, Pathogenesis and Control of HIV Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Deciphering lentiviral Vpr/Vpx determinants required for HUSH and SAMHD1 antagonism highlights the molecular plasticity of these evolutionary conflicts.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Understanding the performance of HIV-1 viral vector vaccines: adenovirus and poxvirus case studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
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- Replicative fitness and pathogenicity of primate lentiviruses in lymphoid tissue, primary human and chimpanzee cells: relation to possible jumps to humans.EBioMedicine · 2024Article
- The HIV-2 OGH double reporter virus shows that HIV-2 is less cytotoxic and less sensitive to reactivation from latency than HIV-1 in cell culture.Journal of virus eradication · 2023Article
- HIV-1 Non-Group M Strains and ART.Viruses · 2023Review
- A snapshot on HIV-1 evolution through the identification of phylogenetic-specific properties of HIV-1 integrases M/O.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- HIV co-opts a cellular antiviral mechanism, activation of stress kinase PKR by its RNA, to enable splicing of rev/tat mRNA.Cell & bioscience · 2023Article
- Evaluation of Hematological, Biochemical Profiles and Molecular Detection of Envelope Gene (gp-41) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) among Newly Diagnosed Patients.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
- HIV-1 genetic diversity a challenge for AIDS vaccine development: a retrospective bibliometric analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Evasion of cGAS and TRIM5 defines pandemic HIV.Nature microbiology · 2022Article
- HIV-1 Vif Gained Breadth in APOBEC3G Specificity after Cross-Species Transmission of Its Precursors.Journal of virology · 2022Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 13 institutions in 10 countries.
Funding
Abstract
HIV-1, the cause of AIDS, is composed of four phylogenetic lineages, groups M, N, O, and P, each of which resulted from an independent cross-species transmission event of simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) infecting African apes. Although groups M and N have been traced to geographically distinct chimpanzee communities in southern Cameroon, the reservoirs of groups O and P remain unknown. Here, we screened fecal samples from western lowland (n = 2,611), eastern lowland (n = 103), and mountain (n = 218) gorillas for gorilla SIV (SIVgor) antibodies and nucleic acids. Despite testing wild troops throughout southern Cameroon (n = 14), northern Gabon (n = 16), the Democratic Republic of Congo (n = 2), and Uganda (n = 1), SIVgor was identified at only four sites in southern Cameroon, with prevalences ranging from 0.8-22%. Amplification of partial and full-length SIVgor sequences revealed extensive genetic diversity, but all SIVgor strains were derived from a single lineage within the chimpanzee SIV (SIVcpz) radiation. Two fully sequenced gorilla viruses from southwestern Cameroon were very closely related to, and likely represent the source population of, HIV-1 group P. Most of the genome of a third SIVgor strain, from central Cameroon, was very closely related to HIV-1 group O, again pointing to gorillas as the immediate source. Functional analyses identified the cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G as a barrier for chimpanzee-to-gorilla, but not gorilla-to-human, virus transmission. These data indicate that HIV-1 group O, which spreads epidemically in west central Africa and is estimated to have infected around 100,000 people, originated by cross-species transmission from western lowland gorillas.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.