Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25733847›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015

Rationally designed fluorogenic protease reporter visualizes spatiotemporal dynamics of apoptosis in vivo.

Tsz-Leung To, Beverly J Piggott, Kalpana Makhijani, Dan Yu, Yuh Nung Jan, Xiaokun Shu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  4. Protein Engineering for Spatiotemporally Resolved Cellular Monitoring.Annual review of analytical chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.) · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Tsz-Leung ToDepartments of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Cardiovascular Research Institute, and Yuhnung.jan@ucsf.edu Xiaokun.Shu@ucsf.edu.
Beverly J PiggottCardiovascular Research Institute, and Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158.
Kalpana MakhijaniDepartments of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Cardiovascular Research Institute, and.
Dan YuDepartments of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Cardiovascular Research Institute, and.
Yuh Nung JanCardiovascular Research Institute, and Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158 Yuhnung.jan@ucsf.edu Xiaokun.Shu@ucsf.edu.
Xiaokun ShuDepartments of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Cardiovascular Research Institute, and Yuhnung.jan@ucsf.edu Xiaokun.Shu@ucsf.edu.

Funding

MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BASIS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASET32HL007731 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Brian L Black · 1992 to 2026
$12.4M
Rational design of a genetically encoded infrared fluorescent protease reporterR01GM115399 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI SHU, XIAOKUN · 2015 to 2018
$1.3M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007731NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM115399
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based reporters have been widely used in imaging cell signaling; however, their in vivo application has been handicapped because of poor signal. Although fluorogenic reporters overcome this problem, no such reporter of proteases has been demonstrated for in vivo imaging. Now we have redesigned an infrared fluorescent protein so that its chromophore incorporation is regulated by protease activity. Upon protease activation, the infrared fluorogenic protease reporter becomes fluorescent with no requirement of exogenous cofactor. To demonstrate biological applications, we have designed an infrared fluorogenic executioner-caspase reporter, which reveals spatiotemporal coordination between cell apoptosis and embryonic morphogenesis, as well as dynamics of apoptosis during tumorigenesis in Drosophila. The designed scaffold may be used to engineer reporters of other proteases with specific cleavage sequence.

Indexed as

ApoptosisGenes, ReporterAnimalsCarcinogenesisCaspasesDrosophila melanogasterEmbryonic DevelopmentEmbryo, NonmammalianFluorescent DyesHEK293 CellsHumansInfrared RaysPeptide HydrolasesTime FactorsCaspasesFluorescent DyesPeptide Hydrolasesapoptosisbacterial phytochromefluorogenic reportersproteasetumor development

Identifiers

PMID25733847
PMCPMC4371907

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.