ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2015
Toward a magic or imaginary bullet? Ligands for drug targeting to cancer cells: principles, hopes, and challenges.
Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Navigating the next frontier in biomedicine: breakthroughs and insights in nucleic acid therapeutics.Chemical science · 2026Review
- Theranostic applications of CXCR4-targeted imaging ligands in lymphoma: integrating diagnosis and precision therapy.American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicle-based delivery to airway basal cells for durable gene therapy in cystic fibrosis.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Multifunctional vesicles in cancer therapy and theranostics: current advances and future challenges.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Leukemic Transdifferentiation: From Pathological Plasticity to Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Bio-Functional Nanomaterials for Enhanced Lung Cancer Therapy: The Synergistic Roles of Vitamins D and K.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Review
- Role of Nanomedicine for Targeted Drug Delivery in Livestock: Future Prospective.Pharmaceutical nanotechnology · 2025Review
- Nanoparticle-based delivery systems as emerging therapy in retinoblastoma: recent advances, challenges and prospects.Nanoscale advances · 2023Review
- Improving Cancer Targeting: A Study on the Effect of Dual-Ligand Density on Targeting of Cells Having Differential Expression of Target Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- New opportunities for RGD-engineered metal nanoparticles in cancer.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Tachykinin Receptor-Selectivity of the Potential Glioblastoma-Targeted Therapy, DOTA-[ThiInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Chlorotoxin and Lung Cancer: A Targeting Perspective for Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- EGFR-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Biomedical Applications of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Current Insights Progress and Perspectives.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Polyethyleneimine-Based Lipopolyplexes as Carriers in Anticancer Gene Therapies.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Article
- Review
- Synthesis of Poly(Malic Acid) Derivatives End-Functionalized with Peptides and Preparation of Biocompatible Nanoparticles to Target Hepatoma Cells.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Viral Mimicry as a Design Template for Nucleic Acid Nanocarriers.Frontiers in chemistry · 2021Review
- Building Blocks to Design Liposomal Delivery Systems.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There are many problems directly correlated with the systemic administration of drugs and how they reach their target site. Targeting promises to be a hopeful strategy as an improved means of drug delivery, with reduced toxicity and minimal adverse side effects. Targeting exploits the high affinity of cell-surface-targeted ligands, either directly or as carriers for a drug, for specific retention and uptake by the targeted diseased cells. One of the most important parameters which should be taken into consideration in the selection of an appropriate ligand for targeting is the binding affinity (K D). In this review we focus on the importance of binding affinities of monoclonal antibodies, antibody derivatives, peptides, aptamers, DARPins, and small targeting molecules in the process of selection of the most suitable ligand for targeting of nanoparticles. In order to provide a critical comparison between these various options, we have also assessed each technology format across a range of parameters such as molecular size, immunogenicity, costs of production, clinical profiles, and examples of the level of selectivity and toxicity of each. Wherever possible, we have also assessed how incorporating such a targeted approach compares with, or is superior to, original treatments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.