Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25733641›Full record

Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2015

Adherence to cancer prevention guidelines and cancer incidence, cancer mortality, and total mortality: a prospective cohort study.

Geoffrey C Kabat, Charles E Matthews, Victor Kamensky, Albert R Hollenbeck, Thomas E Rohan

Open access · bronzeAbstract readClinical Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
80citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
16.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

80 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Adherence to Diet and Physical Activity Cancer Prevention Guidelines and Cancer Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2016
    Pooled it
  9. Trial
  10. The Impact of Adherence to Cancer Prevention Recommendations on Cancer Incidence and Mortality in a Cohort of Canadian Adults.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026
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  18. Structural Racism, Lifestyle Behaviors, and Obesity-related Cancers among Black and Hispanic/Latino Adults in the United States: A Narrative Review.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023
    Review
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20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Geoffrey C KabatFrom the Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (GCK, VK, and TER); the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (CEM); and AARP, Washington, DC (ARH).
Charles E MatthewsFrom the Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (GCK, VK, and TER); the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (CEM); and AARP, Washington, DC (ARH).
Victor KamenskyFrom the Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (GCK, VK, and TER); the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (CEM); and AARP, Washington, DC (ARH).
Albert R HollenbeckFrom the Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (GCK, VK, and TER); the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (CEM); and AARP, Washington, DC (ARH).
Thomas E RohanFrom the Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (GCK, VK, and TER); the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (CEM); and AARP, Washington, DC (ARH).
Albert Einstein College of Medicine · US

Funding

Core-010UL1TR001073 · NCATS · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, INC · PI KELLER, MARLA J, SHAMOON, HARRY · 2013 to 2017
$21.3M
Prospective Studies of Diet and Cancer in the AARP CohortZIACP010196 · NCI · DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS · PI SINHA, RASHMI · 2009 to 2025
$21.0M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001073
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSeveral health agencies have issued guidelines promoting behaviors to reduce chronic disease risk; however, little is known about the impact of such guidelines, particularly on cancer incidence.

objectiveThe objective was to determine whether greater adherence to the American Cancer Society (ACS) cancer prevention guidelines is associated with a reduction in cancer incidence, cancer mortality, and total mortality.

designThe NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, a prospective cohort study of 566,401 adults aged 50-71 y at recruitment in 1995-1996, was followed for a median of 10.5 y for cancer incidence, 12.6 y for cancer mortality, and 13.6 y for total mortality. Participants who reported a history of cancer or who had missing data were excluded, yielding 476,396 subjects for analysis. We constructed a 5-level score measuring adherence to ACS guidelines, which included baseline body mass index, physical activity, alcohol intake, and several aspects of diet. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compute HRs and 95% CIs for the association of the adherence score with cancer incidence, cancer mortality, and total mortality. All analyses included fine adjustment for cigarette smoking.

resultsAmong 476,396 participants, 73,784 incident first cancers, 16,193 cancer deaths, and 81,433 deaths from all causes were identified in the cohort. Adherence to ACS guidelines was associated with reduced risk of all cancers combined: HRs (95% CIs) for the highest compared with the lowest level of adherence were 0.90 (0.87, 0.93) in men and 0.81 (0.77, 0.84) in women. Fourteen of 25 specific cancer sites showed a reduction in risk associated with increased adherence. Adherence was also associated with reduced cancer mortality [HRs (95% CIs) were 0.75 (0.70, 0.80) in men and 0.76 (0.70, 0.83) in women] and reduced all-cause mortality [HRs (95% CIs) were 0.74 (0.72, 0.76) in men and 0.67 (0.65, 0.70) in women].

conclusionsIn both men and women, adherence to the ACS guidelines was associated with reductions in all-cancer incidence and the incidence of cancer at specific sites, as well as with reductions in cancer mortality and total mortality. These data suggest that, after accounting for cigarette smoking, adherence to a set of healthy behaviors may have considerable health benefits.

Indexed as

AgingGuidelines as TopicHealth PromotionPatient ComplianceAgedAmerican Cancer SocietyCohort StudiesConsumer OrganizationsFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedMortalityNeoplasmsbody mass indexcancer incidencecancer prevention guidelinesdietphysical activity

Identifiers

PMID25733641
PMCPMC4340061
OpenAlexW1987966072

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.