ArticleNeurobiology of stress2015
Sex differences in PTSD resilience and susceptibility: Challenges for animal models of fear learning.
Article in Neurobiology of stress, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Autonomic nervous system correlates of posttraumatic stress symptoms in youth: Meta-analysis and qualitative review.Clinical psychology review · 2022Pooled it
- Systematic Review and Methodological Considerations for the Use of Single Prolonged Stress and Fear Extinction Retention in Rodents.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- Adolescent Dietary Supplementation of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Alleviates PTSD-Like Fear Memory and Affective Dysregulation in Rats.Smart medicine · 2026Article
- Golden window of intervention in PTSD: a synthesis of preclinical evidence.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Effects of Sex Differences on Conditioned Fear Extinction and Safety Learning in C57BL/6J Mice.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Involvement of the central amygdaloid nucleus in the regulation of sex differences in the stress relief response in mice.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Hippocampal Cdk5 is regulated by distinct stress paradigms in male and female mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Chronic Stress Disrupts Immune and Endocrine Axis, Inducing Persistent Behavioral Impairments in Male Rats: In Silico and In Vivo Insights.Neurochemical research · 2025Article
- mWAKE in the Central Amygdala Regulates Fear Learning and Memory.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Associations of COPhysiology & behavior · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic profiles of susceptibility and resilience to stress in the amygdala and hippocampus of male rats.Neurobiology of stress · 2025Article
- Prepronociceptin-Expressing Neurons in the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis Signal Escape Behavior.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- Psychological trauma increases blood pressure sensitivity to angiotensin II via T-lymphocytes independent of psychopathology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Interindividual and sex differences in resilience and vulnerability to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): insights from animal models.Biology of sex differences · 2025Review
- Regulation of behavioral responses to single prolonged stress in male and female rats: Role of PACAP.Neurobiology of stress · 2025Article
- Psychological trauma increases blood pressure sensitivity to angiotensin II via T-lymphocytes independent of psychopathology.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Acute sleep disruption reduces fear memories in male and female mice.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Sex differences in contextual fear conditioning and extinction after acute and chronic nicotine treatment.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- Sex differences in prelimbic cortex calcium dynamics during stress and fear learning.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
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Abstract
PTSD occurs in only a small fraction of trauma-exposed individuals, but risk is twice as high in women as in men. The neurobiological basis for this discrepancy is not known, but the identification of biological determinants of resilience and susceptibility in each sex could lead to more targeted preventions and treatments. Animal models are a useful tool for dissecting the circuits and mechanisms that underlie the brain's response to stress, but the vast majority of this work has been developed and conducted in males. The limited work that does incorporate female animals is often inconsistent across labs and does not broadly reflect human populations in terms of female susceptibility to PTSD-like behaviors. In this review, we suggest that interpreting male vs. female comparisons in these models be approached carefully, since common behavioral outcome measures may in fact reflect distinct neural processes. Moreover, since the factors that determine resilience and susceptibility are likely at least in part distinct in men and women, models that take a within-sex approach to response variability may be more useful in identifying critical mechanisms for manipulation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.