ArticleBiology of sport2015
Effect of unilateral and bilateral resistance exercise on maximal voluntary strength, total volume of load lifted, and perceptual and metabolic responses.
Article in Biology of sport, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of unilateral training on rapid force production in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Pooled it
- The Role of Muscle Mass in Endurance Performance and Neuromuscular Fatigue: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Pooled it
- Convergent Validity of Ratings of Perceived Exertion During Resistance Exercise in Healthy Participants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine - open · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of Bilateral and Unilateral Resistance Training on Horizontally Orientated Movement Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of unilateral and bilateral training on performance in team sports athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Biology of sport · 2026Article
- Framework for a short muscle function battery using electronic handgrip dynamometry and accelerometry in older adults.The Journal of frailty & aging · 2025Article
- Maximal Number of Repetitions at Percentages of the One Repetition Maximum: A Meta-Regression and Moderator Analysis of Sex, Age, Training Status, and Exercise.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Review
- The Effect of Unilateral and Bilateral Leg Press Training on Lower Body Strength and Power and Athletic Performance in Adolescent Rugby Players.Journal of human kinetics · 2023Article
- Effect of unilateral training and bilateral training on physical performance: A meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
- Effects of loading positions on the activation of trunk and hip muscles during flywheel and dumbbell single-leg Romanian deadlift exercises.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Acute effects of combined isometric and plyometric conditioning activities on sports performance and tendon stiffness in female volleyball players.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- No Time to Lift? Designing Time-Efficient Training Programs for Strength and Hypertrophy: A Narrative Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Review
- Unilateral, bilateral, and alternating muscle actions elicit similar muscular responses during low load blood flow restriction exercise.European journal of applied physiology · 2021Article
- Acute Effects of Moderate versus High-Intensity Strength Exercise on Attention and Mood States in Female Physical Education Students.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Acute cardiovascular response to unilateral, bilateral, and alternating resistance exercise with blood flow restriction.European journal of applied physiology · 2020Article
- Relationship between the rating of perceived exertion scale and the load intensity of resistance training.Strength and conditioning journal · 2018Article
- Upper Extremity Strength Imbalance after Mastectomy and the Effect of Resistance Training.Sports medicine international open · 2017Article
- Bilateral deficit in maximal force production.European journal of applied physiology · 2016Review
- Central and Peripheral Fatigue During Resistance Exercise - A Critical Review.Journal of human kinetics · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of unilateral and bilateral resistance exercise (RE) on maximal voluntary strength, total volume of load lifted (TVLL), rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and blood lactate concentration of resistance-trained males. Twelve healthy men were assessed for the leg extension one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength using bilateral and unilateral contractions. Following this assessment, an RE session (3 sets of repetitions to failure) was conducted with bilateral and unilateral (both limbs) contractions using a load of 50% 1RM. The TVLL was calculated by the product of the number of repetitions and the load lifted per repetition. RPE and blood lactate were measured before, during and after each set. Session RPE was measured 30 minutes after RE sessions. There was a significant difference in the bilateral (120.0±11.9) and unilateral (135.0±20.2 kg) 1RM strength (p < 0.05). The TVLL was similar between both RE sessions. Although the repetitions decreased with each successive set, the total number of repetitions completed in the bilateral protocol (48) was superior to the unilateral (40) protocol (p < 0.05). In both bouts, RPE increased with each subsequent set whilst blood lactate increased after set 1 and thereafter remained stable (p < 0.05). The RPE and lactate responses were not significantly different between both sessions. In conclusion, a bilateral deficit in leg extension strength was confirmed, but the TVLL was similar between both RE sessions when exercising to voluntary fatigue. This outcome could be attributed to the number of repetitions completed in the unilateral RE bout. The equal TVLL would also explain the similar perceptual and metabolic responses across each RE session.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.