Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25728503›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of medical genetics. Part A2015

Genetic causes of intellectual disability in a birth cohort: a population-based study.

Simone M Karam, Mariluce Riegel, Sandra L Segal, Têmis M Félix, Aluísio J D Barros, Iná S Santos, Alicia Matijasevich, Roberto Giugliani, Maureen Black

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of medical genetics. Part A, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Pooled it
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Accelerated Tempo of Cortical Neurogenesis in Down Syndrome.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
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  20. Molecular syndromology · 2019
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Simone M KaramPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Mariluce RiegelServiço de Genética Médica, HCPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Sandra L SegalServiço de Genética Médica, HCPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Têmis M FélixPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Aluísio J D BarrosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, UFPel, Pelotas, Brazil.
Iná S SantosPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, UFPel, Pelotas, Brazil.
Alicia MatijasevichPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, UFPel, Pelotas, Brazil.
Roberto GiuglianiPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Maureen BlackJohn A Scholl MD and Mary Louise Scholl MD Endowed Professor, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intellectual disability affects approximately 1-3% of the population and can be caused by genetic and environmental factors. Although many studies have investigated the etiology of intellectual disability in different populations, few studies have been performed in middle-income countries. The present study estimated the prevalence of genetic causes related to intellectual disability in a cohort of children from a city in south Brazil who were followed from birth. Children who showed poor performance in development and intelligence tests at the ages of 2 and 4 were included. Out of 4,231 liveborns enrolled in the cohort, 214 children fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A diagnosis was established in approximately 90% of the children evaluated. Genetic causes were determined in 31 of the children and 19 cases remained unexplained even after extensive investigation. The overall prevalence of intellectual disability in this cohort due to genetic causes was 0.82%. Because this study was nested in a cohort, there were a large number of variables related to early childhood and the likelihood of information bias was minimized by collecting information with a short recall time. This study was not influenced by selection bias, allowing identification of intellectual disability and estimation of the prevalence of genetic causes in this population, thereby increasing the possibility of providing appropriate management and/or genetic counseling.

Indexed as

BrazilChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesComparative Genomic HybridizationDevelopmental DisabilitiesFemaleGenetic CounselingHumansIn Situ Hybridization, FluorescenceIntellectual DisabilityIntelligence TestsMalePrevalencebirth defectsgenetics causes of diseasesintellectual disabilitymental retardationpopulation-based studies

Identifiers

PMID25728503
PMCPMC4863139

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.