ArticleImmunogenetics2015
KIR2DS5 in the presence of HLA-C C2 protects against endometriosis.
Article in Immunogenetics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prospects for potential therapy targeting immune‑associated factors in endometriosis (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2025Review
- The Impacts of Inflammatory and Autoimmune Conditions on the Endometrium and Reproductive Outcomes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Association of KIR2DL5, KIR2DS5, and KIR2DS1 allelic variation and atopic dermatitis.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Identification of molecular subtypes and immune infiltration in endometriosis: a novel bioinformatics analysis andFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Immunogenomics of Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor (KIR) and HLA Class I: Coevolution and Consequences for Human Health.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2022Article
- Risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis in Patients With Endometriosis: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Differential Regulation of NK Cell Receptors in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.Journal of immunology research · 2022Article
- Association of KIR Genes and MHC Class I Ligands with Atopic Dermatitis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- Inhibitory KIR2DL2 Gene: Risk for Deep Endometriosis in Euro-descendants.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2021Article
- The Genetic Background of Endometriosis: Can ESR2 and CYP19A1 Genes Be a Potential Risk Factor for Its Development?International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and human leukocyte antigen-C (HLA-C) allorecognition patterns in women with endometriosis.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- NK Cells as Potential Targets for Immunotherapy in Endometriosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- Defining the genetic profile of endometriosis.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2019Review
- The impact of HLA-G, LILRB1 and LILRB2 gene polymorphisms on susceptibility to and severity of endometriosis.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2018Article
- Missing or altered self: human NK cell receptors that recognize HLA-C.Immunogenetics · 2017Review
- Deciphering the killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor system at super-resolution for natural killer and T-cell biology.Immunology · 2017Review
- Spontaneous endometriosis in rhesus macaques: evidence for a genetic association with specificPrimate biology · 2017Article
- Uterine Leukocyte Function and Dysfunction: A Hypothesis on the Impact of Endometriosis.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2016Review
- KIR and HLA under pressure: evidences of coevolution across worldwide populations.Human genetics · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Endometriosis is defined as the presence of functional endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Several hypotheses have attempted to explain the etiology and pathogenesis of endometriosis. Recently, it has been suggested that a defect of the natural killer (NK) activity in the recognition and lysis of endometrial cells is one of the crucial points in the development of this disease. Natural killer cells can express killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), which recognize class I human leukocyte antigens on target cells. We asked whether polymorphisms in KIR, HLA-C, and HLA-B genes are risk factors for endometriosis. We tested 153 women with endometriosis diagnosed on the basis of laparoscopic and histological examination, and 213 control healthy women, who gave birth to at least one child. The frequency of KIR genes in patients was similar to that in controls except for KIR2DS5, which exerted a protective effect only in HLA-C C2-positive individuals. Moreover, KIR2DS5-positive women with endometriosis had 13 times lower chance that the disease would occupy the peritoneum than KIR2DS5- and KIR2DS4del-negative ones (OR = 0.077, P = 0.0061). Similarly, KIR2DS4del-positive endometriotic persons had 11 times lower chance for peritoneal disease (OR = 0.094, P < 0.001). Negative linkage disequilibrium between KIR2DS5 and KIR2DS4del indicates that these genes are mutually exclusive. Our data suggest that KIR2DS5 may be associated with protection from endometriosis, whereas KIR2DS4del seems to be associated with higher disease stages, possibly by exclusion of protective KIR2DS5.
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Registered trials
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