ArticlePloS one2015
Prevalence of cigarette smoking and associated factors in a large sample of HIV-positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Vietnam.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors Influencing Tobacco Smoking and Cessation Among People Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2024Pooled it
- Changes in smoking patterns after HIV diagnosis or antiretroviral treatment initiation: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2020Pooled it
- Sex Differences in Tobacco Use Among Persons Living With HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Pooled it
- Trial
- Understanding the Influence of Substance Use, Mental Health, and Stigma on Smoking Behavior Among People Living With HIV: Rapid Qualitative Analysis.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Alcohol and Tobacco Use Among Virally Suppressed People Living with HIV in the Eastern Cape, South Africa.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Perspectives on addiction-related problems in Vietnam.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Review
- Multilevel barriers and facilitators to smoking cessation among men living with HIV in Vietnam: a qualitative study of male patients and healthcare providers.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Advanced Readiness to Quit Smoking Among People Living With HIV Enrolled in a Smoking Cessation Trial in Hanoi, Vietnam: Associations With Risk Perception, Self-Efficacy, and Social Norms.Tobacco use insights · 2026Article
- Technology Access, Pattern of Use, Interest in Digital Health, and Barriers to Tobacco Treatment Among HIV-Infected Smokers From Under-Resourced Communities: A Cross-Sectional Study.Tobacco use insights · 2026Article
- Article
- A "What Matters Most" approach to investigating intersectional stigma toward HIV and cancer in Hanoi, Vietnam.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2024Article
- Article
- Prevalence of Food Insecurity Among HIV-Positive Smokers in Vietnam.Tobacco use insights · 2024Article
- Adapting a tobacco cessation treatment intervention and implementation strategies to enhance implementation effectiveness and clinical outcomes in the context of HIV care in Vietnam: a case study.Implementation science communications · 2022Article
- Smoking behaviour among adult patients presenting to health facilities in four provinces of Vietnam.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Barriers and facilitators to smoking cessation among HIV-infected people who inject drugs (PWID) in Hanoi, Vietnam: a qualitative study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2021Article
- Metabolic syndrome and 10-year cardiovascular risk among HIV-positive and HIV-negative adults: A cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2020Observational
- Polysubstance Use among Patients Enrolling in Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program in a Vietnam Province with Drug-Driven HIV Epidemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- The relationship between health-related variables and increases in smoking among recently diagnosed HIV+ people who inject drugs in Vietnam.Addictive behaviors · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCigarette smoking presents a salient risk for HIV-positive populations. This study is among the first to examine smoking prevalence, nicotine dependence, and associated factors in a large sample of HIV-positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Vietnam.
methodsA cross-sectional study of 1133 HIV-positive people was conducted from January to September 2013 at 8 ART clinics in Hanoi (the capital) and Nam Dinh (a rural area). Smoking history and nicotine dependence (Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence-FTND) were assessed by participant self-report. Logistic regression and Tobit linear regression were performed to identify factors significantly associated with smoking outcomes.
resultsPrevalence of current, former, and never smokers in the sample was 36.1%, 9.5%, and 54.4%, respectively. The current smoking proportion was higher in males (59.7%) than females (2.6%). The mean FTND score was 3.6 (SD = 2.1). Males were more likely to currently smoke than females (OR = 23.4, 95% CI = 11.6-47.3). Individuals with problem drinking (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.1-2.9) and ever drug use (OR = 3.7, 95%CI = 2.5-5.7) were more likely to be current smokers. Older age and currently feeling pain were associated with lower nicotine dependence. Conversely, receiving care in Nam Dinh, greater alcohol consumption, ever drug use, and a longer smoking duration were associated with greater nicotine dependence.
conclusionsGiven the high prevalence of smoking among HIV-positive patients, smoking screening and cessation support should be offered at ART clinics in Vietnam. Risk factors (i.e., substance use) linked with smoking behavior should be considered in prevention programs.
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