ArticlePloS one2015
Promoter hypermethylation-related reduced somatostatin production promotes uncontrolled cell proliferation in colorectal cancer.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Somatostatin in Aging: Correlations with Selected Central Nervous System and Gastrointestinal Tract Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Associations Between Non-Genetic Risk Factors and DNA Methylation Alterations in Barrett's Esophagus and Its Progression to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- The Role of Somatostatin in the Gastrointestinal Tract.Biology · 2025Review
- Identification of Novel lncRNAs Related to Colorectal Cancer Through Bioinformatics Analysis.BioMed research international · 2025Article
- Article
- The State-of-the-Art Mechanisms and Antitumor Effects of Somatostatin in Colorectal Cancer: A Review.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Patterns of Gene Expression Profiles Associated with Colorectal Cancer in Colorectal Mucosa by Using Machine Learning Methods.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2024Article
- Somatostatin and Somatostatin Receptors in Tumour Biology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Site-Specific Hypermethylation of SST 1stExon as a Biomarker for Predicting the Risk of Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers.Disease markers · 2022Article
- Somatostatin and Its Receptor System in Colorectal Cancer.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Epigenetic regulation of somatostatin and somatostatin receptors in neuroendocrine tumors and other types of cancer.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2021Review
- Methylated circulating tumor DNA as a biomarker for colorectal cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction.Clinical epigenetics · 2021Review
- Enrichment of CpG island shore region hypermethylation in epigenetic breast field cancerization.Epigenetics · 2020Article
- Regulatory Mechanisms of Somatostatin Expression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- The Neuropeptide System and Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases: Mechanisms and Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Identification of aberrantly methylated differentially expressed genes in glioblastoma multiforme and their association with patient survival.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2019Article
- Identification and Interaction Analysis of Molecular Markers in Colorectal Cancer by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2018Article
- Host-cell DNA methylation patterns during high-risk HPV-induced carcinogenesis reveal a heterogeneous nature of cervical pre-cancer.Epigenetics · 2018Article
- Role of the Vanins-Myeloperoxidase Axis in Colorectal Carcinogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSomatostatin (SST) has anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects. Our aims were to analyze and compare the SST expression during normal aging and colorectal carcinogenesis at mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, we tested the methylation status of SST in biopsy samples, and the cell growth inhibitory effect of the SST analogue octreotide in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line.
methodsColonic samples were collected from healthy children (n1 = 6), healthy adults (n2 = 41) and colorectal cancer patients (CRCs) (n3 = 34) for SST mRNA expression analysis, using HGU133 Plus2.0 microarrays. Results were validated both on original (n1 = 6; n2 = 6; n3 = 6) and independent samples ((n1 = 6; n2 = 6; n3 = 6) by real-time PCR. SST expressing cells were detected by immunohistochemistry on colonic biopsy samples (n1 = 14; n2 = 20; n3 = 23). The effect of octreotide on cell growth was tested on Caco-2 cell line. SST methylation percentage in biopsy samples (n1 = 5; n2 = 5; n3 = 9) was defined using methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme digestion.
resultsIn case of normal aging SST mRNA expression did not alter, but decreased in cancer (p < 0.05). The ratio of SST immunoreactive cells was significantly higher in children (0.70% ± 0.79%) compared to CRC (0% ± 0%) (p < 0.05). Octreotide significantly increased the proportion of apoptotic Caco-2 cells. SST showed significantly higher methylation level in tumor samples (30.2% ± 11.6%) compared to healthy young individuals (3.5% ± 1.9%) (p < 0.05).
conclusionsIn cancerous colonic mucosa the reduced SST production may contribute to the uncontrolled cell proliferation. Our observation that in colon cancer cells octreotide significantly enhanced cell death and attenuated cell proliferation suggests that SST may act as a regulator of epithelial cell kinetics. The inhibition of SST expression in CRC can be epigenetically regulated by promoter hypermethylation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.