Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25723168›Full record

ArticleCell2015

Atomic structure of T6SS reveals interlaced array essential to function.

Daniel L Clemens, Peng Ge, Bai-Yu Lee, Marcus A Horwitz, Z Hong Zhou

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 105 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
105citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

105 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. FEMS microbes · 2026
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  5. Article
  6. Atomic Structure and Phospholipid Binding Properties of thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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  7. Science advances · 2025
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  8. Article
  9. Identification of theFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
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  10. Article
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  12. Breaking the cellular defense: the role of autophagy evasion inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Structure ofViruses · 2023
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Daniel L ClemensDepartment of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Peng GeDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; The California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Bai-Yu LeeDepartment of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Marcus A HorwitzDepartment of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Electronic address: mhorwitz@mednet.ucla.edu.
Z Hong ZhouDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; The California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Electronic address: hong.zhou@ucla.edu.

Funding

Vaccines and Diagnostics TrialsU54AI065359 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI BARBOUR, ALAN G. · 2005 to 2013
$88.8M
UCLA Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR000124 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI DUBINETT, STEVEN M. · 2012 to 2015
$57.0M
Genome Structure, Transcription and Packaging of dsRNA VirusesR01AI094386 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Z Hong ZHOU · 2012 to 2026
$6.0M
High-Resolution CryoEM Reconstruction of Large ComplexesR01GM071940 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI ZHOU, Z HONG · 2006 to 2025
$5.0M
Direct Detection Device for atomic resolution cryoEM of macromolecular complexesS10OD018111 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI ZHOU, Z HONG · 2014 to 2014
$598k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000124NCATS NIH HHS UL1TR000124NIAID NIH HHS AI065359NIAID NIH HHS AI094386NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI094386NIAID NIH HHS U54 AI065359NIGMS NIH HHS GM071940NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM071940NIH HHS 1S10OD018111NIH HHS S10 OD018111
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type VI secretion systems (T6SSs) are newly identified contractile nanomachines that translocate effector proteins across bacterial membranes. The Francisella pathogenicity island, required for bacterial phagosome escape, intracellular replication, and virulence, was presumed to encode a T6SS-like apparatus. Here, we experimentally confirm the identity of this T6SS and, by cryo electron microscopy (cryoEM), show the structure of its post-contraction sheath at 3.7 Å resolution. We demonstrate the assembly of this T6SS by IglA/IglB and secretion of its putative effector proteins in response to environmental stimuli. The sheath has a quaternary structure with handedness opposite that of contracted sheath of T4 phage tail and is organized in an interlaced two-dimensional array by means of β sheet augmentation. By structure-based mutagenesis, we show that this interlacing is essential to secretion, phagosomal escape, and intracellular replication. Our atomic model of the T6SS will facilitate design of drugs targeting this highly prevalent secretion apparatus.

Indexed as

Bacterial Secretion SystemsBacterial ProteinsBacteriophagesBacteriophage T4Cryoelectron MicroscopyFrancisellaModels, MolecularProtein Structure, SecondaryBacterial ProteinsBacterial Secretion Systems

Identifiers

PMID25723168
PMCPMC4351867

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.