Trial reportThe British journal of nutrition2015
Dietary inflammatory index and anthropometric measures of obesity in a population sample at high cardiovascular risk from the PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) trial.
Trial report in The British journal of nutrition, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 145 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
145 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- High dietary inflammatory index is associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity in adults: a meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- The association between the dietary inflammatory index during pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes: a prospective cohort study and a meta-analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Is there any association between dietary inflammatory index and quality of life? A systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Dietary Inflammatory Index in relation to Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis.International journal of clinical practice · 2022Pooled it
- Mediterranean Diet and Cardiodiabesity: A Systematic Review through Evidence-Based Answers to Key Clinical Questions.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- Dietary Inflammatory Potential and the Risk of Incident Depression in Adults: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Dietary Inflammatory Index and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Australian Adults: A Secondary Analysis of the OLIVAUS Trial.Nutrients · 2026Trial
- Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet for 6 Months Improves the Dietary Inflammatory Index in a Western Population: Results from the MedLey Study.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Dietary Intake after Weight Loss and the Risk of Weight Regain: Macronutrient Composition and Inflammatory Properties of the Diet.Nutrients · 2017Trial
- Prospective association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and mortality: modulation by antioxidant supplementation in the SU.VI.MAX randomized controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2016Trial
- Dietary inflammatory index and telomere length in subjects with a high cardiovascular disease risk from the PREDIMED-NAVARRA study: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses over 5 y.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2015Trial
- Dietary Inflammatory Index and Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease in the PREDIMED Study.Nutrients · 2015Trial
- Inflammatory Potential of Diet and Breast Cancer Risk: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Integrating Precision Nutrition with GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Therapy: Mechanisms, Clinical Outcomes, and Pharmacoeconomic Implications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Pro-inflammatory dietary patterns and physical fitness in Spanish adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis from the EHDLA study.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Inverse association between dietary antioxidant indices and dietary inflammatory potential in jordanian adults: a cross-sectional study.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- Dietary inflammatory index and unfavorable dietary patterns associated with ischemic stroke in China.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
85 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The dietary inflammatory index (DII) is a new tool to assess the inflammatory potential of the diet. In the present study, we aimed to determine the association between the DII and BMI, waist circumference and waist:height ratio (WHtR). We conducted a cross-sectional study of 7236 participants recruited into the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea trial. Information from a validated 137-item FFQ was used to calculate energy, food and nutrient intakes. A fourteen-item dietary screener was used to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeDiet). Sex-specific multivariable linear regression models were fitted to estimate differences (and 95 % CI) in BMI, waist circumference and WHtR across the quintiles of the DII. All nutrient intakes, healthy foods and adherence to the MeDiet were higher in the quintile with the lowest DII score (more anti-inflammatory values) except for intakes of animal protein, saturated fat and monounsaturated fat. Although an inverse association between the DII and total energy was apparent, the DII was associated with higher average BMI, waist circumference and WHtR after adjusting for known risk factors. The adjusted difference in the WHtR for women and men between the highest and lowest quintiles of the DII was 1·60 % (95 % CI 0·87, 2·33) and 1·04 % (95 % CI 0·35, 1·74), respectively. Pro-inflammatory scores remained associated with obesity after controlling for the effect that adherence to a MeDiet had on inflammation. In conclusion, the present study shows a direct association between the DII and indices of obesity, and supports the hypothesis that diet may have a role in the development of obesity through inflammatory modulation mechanisms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.