ArticleChinese journal of cancer research = Chung-kuo yen cheng yen chiu2015
Population attributable risks of cigarette smoking for deaths of all causes, all cancers and other chronic diseases among adults aged 40-74 years in urban Shanghai, China.
Article in Chinese journal of cancer research = Chung-kuo yen cheng yen chiu, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Smoking as a risk factor for lung cancer in women and men: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2018Pooled it
- The Attributable Risk of Smoking on All-Cause Mortality in Korean: A Study Using KNHANES IV-VI (2007-2015) with Mortality Data.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2020Article
- Epidemic of chronic diseases and the related healthy lifestyle interventions in rural areas of Shandong Province, China.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Article
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9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the population attributable risks (PARs) between cigarette smoking and deaths of all causes, all cancers, lung cancer and other chronic diseases in urban Shanghai.
methodsIn total, 61,480 men aged 40-74 years from 2002 to 2006 and 74,941 women aged 40-70 years from 1997 to 2000 were recruited to undergo baseline surveys in urban Shanghai, with response rates of 74.0% and 92.3%, respectively. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of deaths associated with cigarette smoking. PARs and 95% CIs for deaths were estimated from smoking exposure rates and the estimated RRs.
resultsCigarette smoking was responsible for 23.9% (95% CI: 19.4-28.3%) and 2.4% (95% CI: 1.6-3.2%) of all deaths in men and women, respectively, in our study population. Respiratory disease had the highest PAR in men [37.5% (95% CI: 21.5-51.6%)], followed by cancer [31.3% (95% CI: 24.6-37.7%)] and cardiovascular disease (CVD) [24.1% (95% CI: 16.7-31.2%)]. While the top three PARs were 12.7% (95% CI: 6.1-19.3%), 4.0% (95% CI: 2.4-5.6%), and 1.1% (95% CI: 0.0-2.3%), for respiratory disease, CVD, and cancer, respectively in women. For deaths of lung cancer, the PAR of smoking was 68.4% (95% CI: 58.2-76.5%) in men.
conclusionsIn urban Shanghai, 23.9% and 2.4% of all deaths in men and women could have been prevented if no people had smoked in the area. Effective control programs against cigarette smoking should be strongly advocated to reduce the increasing smoking-related death burden.
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