ArticlePhysiological reports2015
The blood pressure-elevating effect of Red Bull energy drink is mimicked by caffeine but through different hemodynamic pathways.
Article in Physiological reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Response to RedBull® Energy Drink Intake in Young Adults.Anatolian journal of cardiology · 2023Trial
- Acute effects of energy drinks in medical students.European journal of nutrition · 2017Trial
- Comparison of the Short-Term Effect of Coffee, Energy Drink, and Water on the Eyes in Young Healthy Subjects.Cureus · 2023Article
- Effect of the Red Bull Energy Drink on Perfusion-Related Variables in Women Undergoing Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction: Protocol and Analysis Plan for a Prospective, Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2023Article
- Sucrose dampens caffeine-induced blood pressure elevations - A randomized crossover pilot study in healthy, non-obese men.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Chronic Red Bull Consumption during Adolescence: Effect on Mesocortical and Mesolimbic Dopamine Transmission and Cardiovascular System in Adult Rats.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Quality Assessment of Wild and Cultivated Green Tea from Different Regions of China.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Relationships between constituents of energy drinks and beating parameters in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-Derived cardiomyocytes.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2021Article
- Energy Drinks and Sports Performance, Cardiovascular Risk, and Genetic Associations; Future Prospects.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Red Bull Increases Heart Rate at Near Sea Level and Pulmonary Shunt Fraction at High Altitude in a Porcine Model.Nutrients · 2020Article
- The Effect of Acute Consumption of Energy Drinks on Blood Pressure, Heart Rate and Blood Glucose in the Group of Young Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Cardiac damage in athlete's heart: When the "supernormal" heart fails!World journal of cardiology · 2017Review
- Review
- The Safety of Ingested Caffeine: A Comprehensive Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2017Review
- Energy Drinks and Their Impact on the Cardiovascular System: Potential Mechanisms.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2016Review
- Caffeine and cardiovascular diseases: critical review of current research.European journal of nutrition · 2016Review
- The Influence of Gender and Anthropometry on Haemodynamic Status at Rest and in Response to Graded Incremental Head-Up Tilt in Young, Healthy Adults.Frontiers in physiology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The energy drink Red Bull (RB) has recently been shown to elevate resting blood pressure (BP) and double product (reflecting increased myocardial load). However, the extent to which these effects can be explained by the drink's caffeine and sugar content remains to be determined. We compared the cardiovascular impact of RB to those of a comparable amount of caffeine, and its sugar-free version in eight young healthy men. Participants attended four experimental sessions on separate days according to a placebo-controlled randomized crossover study design. Beat-to-beat hemodynamic measurements were made continuously for 30 min at baseline and for 2 h following ingestion of 355 mL of either (1) RB + placebo; (2) sugar-free RB + placebo; (3) water + 120 mg caffeine, or (4) water + placebo. RB, sugar-free RB, and water + caffeine increased BP equally (3-4 mmHg) in comparison to water + placebo (P < 0.001). RB increased heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, double product, and cardiac contractility, but decreased total peripheral resistance (TPR) (all P < 0.01), with no such changes observed following the other interventions. Conversely, sugar-free RB and water + caffeine both increased TPR in comparison to the water + placebo control (P < 0.05). While the impact of RB on BP is the same as that of a comparable quantity of caffeine, the increase occurs through different hemodynamic pathways with RB's effects primarily on cardiac parameters, while caffeine elicits primarily vascular effects. Additionally, the auxiliary components of RB (taurine, glucuronolactone, and B-group vitamins) do not appear to influence these pathways.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.