ArticleBrazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica2015
IL-6 and TNF-α serum levels are associated with early death in community-acquired pneumonia patients.
Article in Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The effect and safety of corticosteroid treatment for severe community-acquired pneumonia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Assessing the potential correlation of polymorphisms in the IL6R with relative IL6 elevation in severely ill COVID-19 patients'.Cytokine · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Efficacy and safety of trimodulin, a novel polyclonal antibody preparation, in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter, phase II trial (CIGMA study).Intensive care medicine · 2018Trial
- Effects of different anaesthetics on cytokine levels in children with community-acquired pneumonia undergoing flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy.The Journal of international medical research · 2016Trial
- Collaborative functionality between three types of inflammation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- Integrative network pharmacology and experimental validation of multi-target synergy against multidrug-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae via PI3K/AKT-MAPK pathway disruption.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Interleukins in community-acquired pneumonia: from biomarkers to precision medicine.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- HSP-70 and TNF-α as predictors of acute respiratory distress syndrome in children with pneumonia.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Derivation and external validation of community-acquired pneumonia subphenotypes in Southeast Asia: a secondary analysis of prospective cohort studies.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Divergent biological pathways distinguish community-acquired pneumonia from COVID-19 despite similar plasma cytokine profiles.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Elevated IL-6 and IL-10 Levels as Prognostic Biomarkers in COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Comparative Study in Mexican Patients.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Review
- Correlation Between the Distribution of Virulence Genes and Drug Resistance Genes and Clinical Characteristics of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections withInfection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- The Impact of Cytokines on Coagulation Profile in COVID-19 Patients: Controlled for Socio-Demographic, Clinical, and Laboratory Parameters.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- In Vivo Immune-Modulatory Activity of Lefamulin in an Influenza Virus A (H1N1) Infection Model in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Sphingolipid-Induced Bone Regulation and Its Emerging Role in Dysfunction Due to Disease and Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Sex-related immunity: could Toll-like receptors be the answer in acute inflammatory response?Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Odds and associated factors for thrombosis development among Lebanese COVID-19 patients: a case-control retrospective study.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2024Article
- Dipeptidyl-peptidase 3 and IL-6: potential biomarkers for diagnostics in COVID-19 and association with pulmonary infiltrates.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is amongst the leading causes of death worldwide. As inflammatory markers, cytokines can predict outcomes, if interpreted together with clinical data and scoring systems such as CURB-65, CRB, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II). The aim of this study was to determine the impact of inflammatory biomarkers on the early mortality of hospitalized CAP patients. Twenty-seven CAP patients needing hospitalization were enrolled for the study and samples of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocystein were collected at the time of admission (day 1) as well as on the seventh day of the treatment. There was a significant reduction in the levels of IL-6 between the first and the second collections. Median IL-6 values decreased from 24 pg/mL (day 1) to 8 pg/mL (day 7) (P=0.016). The median levels of TNF-α were higher in patients: i) with acute kidney injury (AKI) (P=0.045), ii) requiring mechanical ventilation (P=0.040), iii) with short hospital stays (P=0.009), iv) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) (P=0.040), v) who died early (P=0.003), and vi) with worse CRB scores (P=0.013). In summary, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were associated with early mortality of CAP patients. Longer admission levels demonstrated greater likelihood of early death and overall mortality, necessity of mechanical ventilation, and AKI.
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