ArticleBehavioral ecology : official journal of the International Society for Behavioral Ecology
Cortisol in mother's milk across lactation reflects maternal life history and predicts infant temperament.
Article in Behavioral ecology : official journal of the International Society for Behavioral Ecology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 256 citations in OpenAlex.
- From Mind to Milk: The Influence of Psychological Factors on the Composition of Human Breast Milk.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Prenatal stress accelerates offspring growth to compensate for reduced maternal investment across mammals.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Pooled it
- Macronutrient and bioactive profiles of donor milk differ in commercial vs non-profit milk banks.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Investigating milk-derived extracellular vesicles as mediators of maternal stress and environmental intervention.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Breastfeeding in the Context of Trauma and Previous Psychological Experiences: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Breastfeeding Measurement - How Do We Define and Measure Breastfeeding Cessation Across Scientific Disciplines?Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association · 2025Article
- Macronutrient and Bioactive Profiles of Donor Milk Differ in Commercial vs Non-Profit Milk Banks.Research square · 2025Article
- Investigating milk-derived extracellular vesicles as mediators of maternal stress and environmental intervention.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Human milk cortisol is inversely associated with infant BMI and mediates the association between maternal plasma and infant salivary cortisol concentrations.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Observational
- Maternal immune activation during the lactational period alters offspring behavior, reproductive development, and immune function in mice.Hormones and behavior · 2025Article
- The Maternal Capital Hypothesis: Giving Mothers Central Place in Evolutionary Perspectives on Developmental Plasticity and Health.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2025Review
- Fruit Availability and Maternal Energy Expenditure Associated With Infant Independence in an Arboreal Primate (Colobus angolensis ruwenzorii).American journal of primatology · 2025Article
- Maternal immune activation during the lactational period alters offspring behavior, reproductive development, and immune function in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Breastfeeding: The Multifaceted Impact on Child Development and Maternal Well-Being.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Early prenatal but not postnatal glucocorticoid exposure is associated with enhanced HPA axis activity into adulthood in a wild primate.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2025Article
- The human milk bacteriome and mycobiome and their inter-kingdom interactions viewed across geography.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- The association between maternal stress and human milk concentrations of cortisol and prolactin.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Composition and Antioxidant Status of Human Milk of Women Living in Bydgoszcz (Poland).Nutrients · 2024Article
- Milk metabolite composition of a semi-captive population of Asian elephants.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The maternal environment exerts important influences on offspring mass/growth, metabolism, reproduction, neurobiology, immune function, and behavior among birds, insects, reptiles, fish, and mammals. For mammals, mother's milk is an important physiological pathway for nutrient transfer and glucocorticoid signaling that potentially influences offspring growth and behavioral phenotype. Glucocorticoids in mother's milk have been associated with offspring behavioral phenotype in several mammals, but studies have been handicapped by not simultaneously evaluating milk energy density and yield. This is problematic as milk glucocorticoids and nutrients likely have simultaneous effects on offspring phenotype. We investigated mother's milk and infant temperament and growth in a cohort of rhesus macaque (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.