ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015
Climate-driven introduction of the Black Death and successive plague reintroductions into Europe.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed.
- A refined phylochronology of the second plague pandemic in Western Eurasia.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- The Role of the Caspian, Aral and Balkhash Lakes in the Spread and Preservation of Yersinia pestis in Eastern Europe and Central Asia in the 20th and 21st Centuries.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Insights into infectious diseases through ancient pathogen genomics.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Climate-driven reduction in biomass production of the Eurasian steppe coincides with nomadic migration during the first millennium CE.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Transportation control and epidemic containment: empirical evidence from China's Wuhan lockdown.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Increasing rat numbers in cities are linked to climate warming, urbanization, and human population.Science advances · 2025Article
- Big Epidemiology: The Birth, Life, Death, and Resurgence of Diseases on a Global Timescale.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Madagascar's Plague: One Health Research Aims to Slow Its Spread.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Successful Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Patients with IL10RA Deficiency in Japan.Journal of clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Relationship Between Climate Change and Marmot Plague ofChina CDC weekly · 2024Article
- Genomic diversity of Yersinia pestis from Yunnan Province, China, implies a potential common ancestor as the source of two plague epidemics.Communications biology · 2023Article
- 14th century Yersinia pestis genomes support emergence of pestis secunda within Europe.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- The role of reservoir species in mediating plague's dynamic response to climate.Royal Society open science · 2023Article
- A step forward toward solving the main mysteries in the history of plague?Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Plagued by a cryptic clock: insight and issues from the global phylogeny of Yersinia pestis.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Impact of wars and natural disasters on emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases.Frontiers in public health · 2023Review
- No evidence for persistent natural plague reservoirs in historical and modern Europe.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Disaster Microbiology-a New Field of Study.mBio · 2022Review
- Article
- Hybrid Deep Feature Generation for Appropriate Face Mask Use Detection.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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7 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Black Death, originating in Asia, arrived in the Mediterranean harbors of Europe in 1347 CE, via the land and sea trade routes of the ancient Silk Road system. This epidemic marked the start of the second plague pandemic, which lasted in Europe until the early 19th century. This pandemic is generally understood as the consequence of a singular introduction of Yersinia pestis, after which the disease established itself in European rodents over four centuries. To locate these putative plague reservoirs, we studied the climate fluctuations that preceded regional plague epidemics, based on a dataset of 7,711 georeferenced historical plague outbreaks and 15 annually resolved tree-ring records from Europe and Asia. We provide evidence for repeated climate-driven reintroductions of the bacterium into European harbors from reservoirs in Asia, with a delay of 15 ± 1 y. Our analysis finds no support for the existence of permanent plague reservoirs in medieval Europe.
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