ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015
Differential fates of biomolecules delivered to target cells via extracellular vesicles.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 270 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
270 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles as Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunomodulatory Therapeutics: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Preclinical Studies.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2024Pooled it
- Engineered exosomes for breast cancer immunotherapy: Emerging strategies and translational potential.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Towards a systematic understanding of the diverse subtypes, biogenesis and functions of large extracellular vesicles.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026Review
- Hybrid exosomal nanomotors convert pathological ROS into transport-driving cues to enhance cartilage accumulation in osteoarthritis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicle-Associated IL4 Displays Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory Properties in Microglial Cells.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Apoptotic extracellular vesicles act as master regulators of the bone healing niche.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Multi-omic profiling of early pregnancy small and large plasma extracellular vesicles reveals placental, metabolic, and structural adaptation signatures.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicles: A Comprehensive Review of Their Origins, Functions, and Therapeutic Potential.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages display differential protein cargo sorting in extracellular vesicles associated with poor survival in ovarian cancer.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- miR-499 in Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Augments Inflammatory Cell Generation and Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction.Circulation · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and emerging research trends of angiogenesis promotion by small extracellular vesicles from different cellular sources in alleviating myocardial infarction injury.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Red Blood Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Gene and RNA Therapeutics: Biological, Engineering, and Translational Challenges.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Serum Extracellular Vesicle-Associated GULP1 Is a Key Indicator of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Oncology research · 2026Article
- EV-associated HOTAIR in cancer cell communication: a distance-aware review of functional transfer claims.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Hybrid Extracellular Vesicles for Efficient Loading and Functional Delivery of mRNA.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Article
- Clinical relevance of extracellular vesicles in cancer - therapeutic and diagnostic potential.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Cannabinoids and Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Hypothesis-Driven Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Advances in Intranasal Delivery of Exosomes for Central Nervous System Disorders.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- CAR Therapies: Ex Vivo and In Vivo Potential of Exosomes and Biomimetic Nanoparticles.Cancers · 2025Review
- VesicleVoyager: In Vivo Selection of Surface Displayed Proteins That Direct Extracellular Vesicles to Tissue-Specific Targets.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Article
210 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), specifically exosomes and microvesicles (MVs), are presumed to play key roles in cell-cell communication via transfer of biomolecules between cells. The biogenesis of these two types of EVs differs as they originate from either the endosomal (exosomes) or plasma (MVs) membranes. To elucidate the primary means through which EVs mediate intercellular communication, we characterized their ability to encapsulate and deliver different types of macromolecules from transiently transfected cells. Both EV types encapsulated reporter proteins and mRNA but only MVs transferred the reporter function to recipient cells. De novo reporter protein expression in recipient cells resulted only from plasmid DNA (pDNA) after delivery via MVs. Reporter mRNA was delivered to recipient cells by both EV types, but was rapidly degraded without being translated. MVs also mediated delivery of functional pDNA encoding Cre recombinase in vivo to tissues in transgenic Cre-lox reporter mice. Within the parameters of this study, MVs delivered functional pDNA, but not RNA, whereas exosomes from the same source did not deliver functional nucleic acids. These results have significant implications for understanding the role of EVs in cellular communication and for development of EVs as delivery tools. Moreover, studies using EVs from transiently transfected cells may be confounded by a predominance of pDNA transfer.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.