ReviewInfection and immunity2015
Crucial and diverse role of the interleukin-33/ST2 axis in infectious diseases.
Review in Infection and immunity, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emerging Systemic Treatments for Asthma and Allergic Diseases: New Tricks, Same Dog?The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2026Review
- Safety and tolerability of astegolimab, an anti-ST2 monoclonal antibody: a narrative review.Respiratory research · 2025Review
- HSP70 is a chaperone for IL-33 activity in chronic airway disease.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Biological mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of interleukin-33 in pathogenesis and treatment of allergic disease.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2025Review
- Molecular mechanisms of neutrophil regulatory network in anti-Candida infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Ozone as an environmental driver of influenza.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Progress in cytokine research for ARDS: A comprehensive review.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2024Review
- Th17/Treg balance: the bloom and wane in the pathophysiology of sepsis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Critical and diverse role of alarmin cytokines in parasitic infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- TSLP, IL-33, and IL-25: Not just for allergy and helminth infection.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2022Review
- Soluble suppression of tumorigenesis-2 is a strong predictor of all-cause, cardiovascular and infection-related mortality risk in haemodialysis patients with diabetes mellitus.Clinical kidney journal · 2022Article
- Sex and age differences in sST2 in cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- CpG-Activated Regulatory B-Cell Progenitors Alleviate Murine Graft-Versus-Host-Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- IL-33 Deficiency Attenuates Lung Inflammation by Inducing Th17 Response and Impacting the Th17/Treg Balance in LPS-Induced ARDS Mice via Dendritic Cells.Journal of immunology research · 2022Article
- IL-33/ST2 Axis Plays a Protective Effect inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- IL-33 promotes innate lymphoid cell-dependent IFN-γ production required for innate immunity toeLife · 2021Article
- Epithelial IL-33 appropriates exosome trafficking for secretion in chronic airway disease.JCI insight · 2021Article
- IL-33/ST2 Axis Deficiency Exacerbates Hepatic Pathology by Regulating Treg and Th17 Cells in Murine Schistosomiasis Japonica.Journal of inflammation research · 2021Article
- IL-33/ST2 axis is involved in disease progression in the spleen during Leishmania donovani infection.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- IL-33 and ST2 as predictors of disease severity in children with viral acute lower respiratory infection.Cytokine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) has now emerged as a cytokine with diverse and pleiotropic functions in various infectious and inflammatory diseases. IL-33 is expressed by epithelial cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and hepatocytes. The target cells of IL-33 are Th2 cells, basophils, dendritic cells, mast cells, macrophages, NKT cells, and nuocytes, newly discovered natural helper cells/innate lymphoid cells bearing the ST2 receptor. IL-33 has dual functions, both as a traditional cytokine and as a nuclear factor that regulates gene transcription. IL-33 functions as an "alarmin" released following cell death, as a biomarker, and as a vaccine adjuvant, with proinflammatory and protective effects during various infections. The exacerbated or protective role of the IL-33/ST2 axis during different infections is dependent upon the organ involved, type of infectious agent, whether the infection is acute or chronic, the invasiveness of the infectious agent, the host immune compartment, and cellular and cytokine microenvironments. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the understanding of the role of the IL-33/ST2 axis in various viral, bacterial, fungal, helminth, and protozoal infectious diseases gained from animal models and studies in human patients. The functional role of IL-33 and ST2 during experimentally induced infections has been summarized by accumulating the data for IL-33- and ST2-deficient mice or for mice exogenously administered IL-33. In summary, exploring the crucial and diverse roles of the IL-33/ST2 axis during infections may help in the development of therapeutic interventions for a wide range of infectious diseases.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.