Trial reportHIV medicine2015
Kidney disease in antiretroviral-naïve HIV-positive adults with high CD4 counts: prevalence and predictors of kidney disease at enrolment in the INSIGHT Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) trial.
Trial report in HIV medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chronic kidney disease in the global adult HIV-infected population: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2018Pooled it
- Impact of early versus deferred antiretroviral therapy on estimated glomerular filtration rate in HIV-positive individuals in the START trial.International journal of antimicrobial agents · 2017Trial
- Prevalence and associations of chronic kidney disease among antiretroviral therapy-naïve persons living with HIV in Lagos, Nigeria.BMC nephrology · 2024Article
- Chronic Kidney Disease in a Large National Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment Program.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Beneficial and Adverse Effects of cART Affect Neurocognitive Function in HIV-1 Infection: Balancing Viral Suppression against Neuronal Stress and Injury.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2021Review
- The Impact of Immunosuppression on Chronic Kidney Disease in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: The D:A:D Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Burden of Chronic Conditions Among Persons with HIV/AIDS and Psychiatric Comorbidity.Current HIV research · 2021Article
- Blood-based inflammation biomarkers of neurocognitive impairment in people living with HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Article
- Clinical characteristics and outcome of HIV infected patients with chronic kidney disease in Sub Saharan Africa: an example from in Cameroon.BMC nephrology · 2019Article
- Hepatitis C virus cure does not impact kidney function decline in HIV co-infected patients.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Observational
- The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Renal Insufficiency among Korean HIV-Infected Patients: The Korea HIV/AIDS Cohort Study.Infection & chemotherapy · 2017Article
- Hepatitis C co-infection is associated with an increased risk of incident chronic kidney disease in HIV-infected patients initiating combination antiretroviral therapy.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Article
- HIV and kidney diseases: 35 years of history and consequences.Clinical kidney journal · 2016Review
- Chronic Kidney Disease and Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Positive Individuals: Recent Developments.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2016Review
- Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory factors associated with chronic kidney disease in Mexican HIV-infected patients.Jornal brasileiro de nefrologiaArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 10 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesHIV infection has been associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Little is known about the prevalence of CKD in individuals with high CD4 cell counts prior to initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). We sought to address this knowledge gap.
methodsWe describe the prevalence of CKD among 4637 ART-naïve adults (mean age 36.8 years) with CD4 cell counts > 500 cells/μL at enrolment in the Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) study. CKD was defined by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and/or dipstick urine protein ≥ 1+. Logistic regression was used to identify baseline characteristics associated with CKD.
resultsAmong 286 [6.2%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.5%, 6.9%] participants with CKD, the majority had isolated proteinuria. A total of 268 participants had urine protein ≥ 1+, including 41 with urine protein ≥ 2+. Only 22 participants (0.5%) had an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) , including four who also had proteinuria. Baseline characteristics independently associated with CKD included diabetes [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.73; 95% CI 1.05, 2.85], hypertension (aOR 1.82; 95% CI 1.38, 2.38), and race/ethnicity (aOR 0.59; 95% CI 0.37, 0.93 for Hispanic vs. white).
conclusionsWe observed a low prevalence of CKD associated with traditional CKD risk factors among ART-naïve clinical trial participants with CD4 cell counts > 500 cells/μL.
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