Trial reportHIV medicine2015
Baseline cardiovascular risk in the INSIGHT Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) trial.
Trial report in HIV medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Interventions for tobacco use cessation in people living with HIV.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- HIV, Vascular Risk Factors, and Cognition in the Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Era: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2021Pooled it
- Prevalence and etiologies of pulmonary hypertension in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Rationale and design of FORTH: a randomised controlled trial assessing the effectiveness of HIV self-testing in increasing HIV testing frequency among gay and bisexual men.BMC infectious diseases · 2015Trial
- Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Early Asymptomatic HIV Infection.The New England journal of medicine · 2015Trial
- Multilevel barriers and facilitators to smoking cessation among men living with HIV in Vietnam: a qualitative study of male patients and healthcare providers.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Nicotine and neurocognition in HIV: Translational challenges and therapeutic potential.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2025Review
- Studies on cognitive performance among older people living with HIV in eastern Europe and central Asia: a scoping review.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Incidence and risk factors regarding atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and elderly people with HIV treated in Chongqing, China.AIDS research and therapy · 2024Article
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Complications in People Living with HIV: A Focused Review.Infectious disease reports · 2024Review
- Article
- Distribution and Performance of Cardiovascular Risk Scores in a Mixed Population of HIV-Infected and Community-Based HIV-Uninfected Individuals in Uganda.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Article
- HIV and Cardiovascular Disease: Update on Clinical Events, Special Populations, and Novel Biomarkers.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2018Review
- Cardiovascular Disease in the Setting of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Current cardiology reviews · 2018Review
- Article
- "I don't want to look sick skinny": Perceptions of Body Image and Weight Loss in Hispanics Living with HIV in South Texas.Journal of health disparities research and practice · 2018Article
- Tobacco use among people living with HIV: analysis of data from Demographic and Health Surveys from 28 low-income and middle-income countries.The Lancet. Global health · 2017Article
- Cardiovascular disease risk among Chinese antiretroviral-naïve adults with advanced HIV disease.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Pathophysiology and management of cardiovascular disease in patients with HIV.The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) trial has recruited antiretroviral-naïve individuals with high CD4 cell counts from all regions of the world. We describe the distribution of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, overall and by geographical region, at study baseline.
methodsThe distribution of CVD risk factors was assessed and compared by geographical region among START participants who had a baseline electrocardiogram (n = 4019; North America, 11%; Europe/Australia/Israel, 36%; South America, 26%; Asia, 4%; Africa, 23%; median age 36 years; 26% female).
resultsAbout 58.3% (n = 2344) of the participants had at least one CVD risk factor and 18.9% (n = 761) had two or more. The most common CVD risk factors were current smoking (32%), hypertension (19.3%) and obesity (16.5%). There were significant differences in the prevalence of CVD risk factors among geographical regions. The prevalence of at least one risk factor across regions was as follows: North America, 70.0%; Europe/Australia/Israel, 65.1%; South America, 49.4%; Asia, 37.0%; Africa, 55.8% (P-value < 0.001). Significant regional differences were also observed when risk factors were used as part of the Framingham and Data Collection on Adverse events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) risk scores or used to define a favourable risk profile.
conclusionsCVD risk factors are common among START participants, and their distribution varies by geographical region. Better understanding of how and why CVD risk factors develop in people with HIV infection and their geographical distributions could shed light on appropriate strategies for CVD prevention and may inform the interpretation of the results of START, as CVD is expected to be a major fraction of the primary endpoints observed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.