ArticleNature2015
Cas9 specifies functional viral targets during CRISPR-Cas adaptation.
Article in Nature, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 228 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
228 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 417 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis Detection Using CRISPR Technology: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2024Pooled it
- An efficient endogenous type I-E CRISPR-Cas genome-editing platform for producing transglutaminase inEngineering microbiology · 2026Article
- Type III CRISPR-Cas systems preferentially acquire spacers from early-expressed phage genes in a transcription-dependent manner.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Strategies and mechanisms of precision genome engineering: From gene editing to genome writing.iMetaOmics · 2026Review
- Specific cleavage of 5' overhangs of non-target strand by Cas9 activated by target DNA binding.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Programmable RNA acetylation with CRISPR-Cas13.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- AlphaFold3-guided tracrRNA redesign yields small monomeric Cas12f RNPs.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Insights into spacer acquisition of the type V-A CRISPR-Cas system of Francisella novicida U112.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Abasic CRISPR RNAs inherently harness fidelity of SpCas9 for genome editing.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- Structural visualization of the molecular evolution of CRISPR-Cas9.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2026Article
- Phage induction of Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity islands promotes the CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune response.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Reconstructing the complex architecture of the genome with molecular scissors: applying genome editing technology in precision medicine.Frontiers in genome editing · 2026Review
- Marker-Free CRISPR/Cas9 RNP Transformation for Gene Disruption in Aspergillus fumigatus.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Bacterial TIR-based immune systems sense phage capsids to initiate defense.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- Article
- CRISPR-Cas opens a new era of antimicrobial therapy as a powerful gene editing tool.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Review
- Rapid detection ofActa biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2025Article
- Crosstalk between three CRISPR-Cas types enables primed type VI-A adaptation in Listeria seeligeri.Cell host & microbe · 2025Article
- Synthetic and Functional Engineering of Bacteriophages: Approaches for Tailored Bactericidal, Diagnostic, and Delivery Platforms.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Deep mutational scanning identifies Cas1 and Cas2 variants that enhance type II-A CRISPR-Cas spacer acquisition.Nature communications · 2025Article
168 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) loci and their associated (Cas) proteins provide adaptive immunity against viral infection in prokaryotes. Upon infection, short phage sequences known as spacers integrate between CRISPR repeats and are transcribed into small RNA molecules that guide the Cas9 nuclease to the viral targets (protospacers). Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 cleavage of the viral genome requires the presence of a 5'-NGG-3' protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) sequence immediately downstream of the viral target. It is not known whether and how viral sequences flanked by the correct PAM are chosen as new spacers. Here we show that Cas9 selects functional spacers by recognizing their PAM during spacer acquisition. The replacement of cas9 with alleles that lack the PAM recognition motif or recognize an NGGNG PAM eliminated or changed PAM specificity during spacer acquisition, respectively. Cas9 associates with other proteins of the acquisition machinery (Cas1, Cas2 and Csn2), presumably to provide PAM-specificity to this process. These results establish a new function for Cas9 in the genesis of prokaryotic immunological memory.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.