ArticlePloS one2015
Investigating the relationship between ethnic consciousness, racial discrimination and self-rated health in New Zealand.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Experiences of Racial Discrimination: Qualitative Findings from Injured New Zealand Migrants.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Article
- Racial Misclassification, Discrimination, Consciousness, and Self-Rated Health Among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Adults in the USA.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Kaumātua Mana Motuhake Pōi: a study protocol for enhancing wellbeing, social connectedness and cultural identity for Māori elders.BMC geriatrics · 2020Article
- A case study of using the He Pikinga Waiora Implementation Framework: challenges and successes in implementing a twelve-week lifestyle intervention to reduce weight in Māori men at risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and obesity.International journal for equity in health · 2020Article
- Multiple forms of discrimination and postpartum depression among indigenous Palestinian-Arab, Jewish immigrants and non-immigrant Jewish mothers.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Emotional and physical reactions to perceived discrimination, language preference, and health-related quality of life among Latinos and Whites.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2019Article
- Influence of Perceived Racial Discrimination on the Health of Immigrant Children in Canada.Journal of international migration and integration · 2018Article
- Enablers and barriers to secondary prophylaxis for rheumatic fever among Māori aged 14-21 in New Zealand: a framework method study.International journal for equity in health · 2017Article
- Implementation framework for chronic disease intervention effectiveness in Māori and other indigenous communities.Globalization and health · 2017Article
- The association between maternal and partner experienced racial discrimination and prenatal perceived stress, prenatal and postnatal depression: findings from the growing up in New Zealand cohort study.International journal for equity in health · 2016Article
- Cumulative Effect of Racial Discrimination on the Mental Health of Ethnic Minorities in the United Kingdom.American journal of public health · 2016Article
- How Early do Social Determinants of Health Begin to Operate? Results From the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study.Journal of pediatric nursingArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In this study, we examine race/ethnic consciousness and its associations with experiences of racial discrimination and health in New Zealand. Racism is an important determinant of health and cause of ethnic inequities. However, conceptualising the mechanisms by which racism impacts on health requires racism to be contextualised within the broader social environment. Race/ethnic consciousness (how often people think about their race or ethnicity) is understood as part of a broader assessment of the 'racial climate'. Higher race/ethnic consciousness has been demonstrated among non-dominant racial/ethnic groups and linked to adverse health outcomes in a limited number of studies. We analysed data from the 2006/07 New Zealand Health Survey, a national population-based survey of New Zealand adults, to examine the distribution of ethnic consciousness by ethnicity, and its association with individual experiences of racial discrimination and self-rated health. Findings showed that European respondents were least likely to report thinking about their ethnicity, with people from non-European ethnic groupings all reporting relatively higher ethnic consciousness. Higher ethnic consciousness was associated with an increased likelihood of reporting experience of racial discrimination for all ethnic groupings and was also associated with fair/poor self-rated health after adjusting for age, sex and ethnicity. However, this difference in health was no longer evident after further adjustment for socioeconomic position and individual experience of racial discrimination. Our study suggests different experiences of racialised social environments by ethnicity in New Zealand and that, at an individual level, ethnic consciousness is related to experiences of racial discrimination. However, the relationship with health is less clear and needs further investigation with research to better understand the racialised social relations that create and maintain ethnic inequities in health in attempts to better address the impacts of racism on health.
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