ArticleNature neuroscience2015
The dissociable effects of punishment and reward on motor learning.
Article in Nature neuroscience, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 193 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
193 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Can wearable real-time biofeedback gait training devices improve gait speed, balance, functional mobility and activities of daily living (ADL) in individuals post-stroke? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Pooled it
- Wearable Devices for Biofeedback Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis to Design Application Rules and Estimate the Effectiveness on Balance and Gait Outcomes in Neurological Diseases.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Pooled it
- The effect of dopamine D2-like receptor blockade on human motor performance and skill acquisition.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Non-invasive stimulation of the human striatum disrupts reinforcement learning of motor skills.Nature human behaviour · 2024Trial
- Dopamine D2 Receptor Modulates Exercise Related Effect on Cortical Excitation/Inhibition and Motor Skill Acquisition.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Trial
- Reward During Arm Training Improves Impairment and Activity After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2022Trial
- Noninvasive neurostimulation of left ventral motor cortex enhances sensorimotor adaptation in speech production.Brain and language · 2020Trial
- Disproportionate positive feedback facilitates sense of agency and performance for a reaching movement task with a virtual hand.PloS one · 2020Trial
- Robot Reinforcement and Error-Based Movement Learning in Infants With and Without Cerebral Palsy.Physical therapy · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Motor cortex inhibition by TMS reduces cognitive non-motor procedural learning when immediate incentives are present.Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior · 2017Trial
- Probability differently modulating the effects of reward and punishment on visuomotor adaptation.Experimental brain research · 2017Trial
- Interacting Learning Processes during Skill Acquisition: Learning to control with gradually changing system dynamics.Scientific reports · 2017Trial
- Successful reinforcement history suppresses explicit and implicit error corrections.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Mistakes matter, age doesn't: task outcome modulates implicit motor adaptation similarly in young and older adults.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Belief updating in uncertain environments is differentially sensitive to reward and punishment learning: Evidence from ERP.iScience · 2026Article
- Sensory-guided human-machine joint learning accelerates the acquisition of motor imagery brain computer interface control.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Biochemical Pathways of Neuroplasticity in Sport Skill Acquisition: From Neuroscience to Coaching Practice.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Instrumental-Motor Transfer: The Relative Value of Competing Movement Goals Modulates Implicit Motor Learning.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Anxiety disorders alter cognitive-motor integration during visuomotor adaptation and retention.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
133 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A common assumption regarding error-based motor learning (motor adaptation) in humans is that its underlying mechanism is automatic and insensitive to reward- or punishment-based feedback. Contrary to this hypothesis, we show in a double dissociation that the two have independent effects on the learning and retention components of motor adaptation. Negative feedback, whether graded or binary, accelerated learning. While it was not necessary for the negative feedback to be coupled to monetary loss, it had to be clearly related to the actual performance on the preceding movement. Positive feedback did not speed up learning, but it increased retention of the motor memory when performance feedback was withdrawn. These findings reinforce the view that independent mechanisms underpin learning and retention in motor adaptation, reject the assumption that motor adaptation is independent of motivational feedback, and raise new questions regarding the neural basis of negative and positive motivational feedback in motor learning.
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25706473What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.