Trial reportThe New England journal of medicine2015
Randomized trial of peanut consumption in infants at risk for peanut allergy.
Trial report in The New England journal of medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 768 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Induction of Tolerance Through Early Introduction of Peanut in High-Risk Children (ITN032AD)
The Persistence of Oral Tolerance Induction to Peanut and Its Immunological Basis (ITN049AD)
Development of Peanut, Sesame, and Tree Nut Allergy in Polish Children at High Risk of Food Allergy
Early Introduction and Sustained Ingestion (EISI) Using Two Educational Opportunities - A Pilot Study
Who cites it
768 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 2,164 citations in OpenAlex.
- ASCIA Guideline: Infant Feeding for Food Allergy Prevention.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2026Guideline
- Breastfeeding Duration Is Not Associated With Offspring Inflammatory Bowel Disease Risk in Three Population-Based Birth Cohorts.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2024Pooled it
- From Skin to Solution: Exploring Epicutaneous Immunotherapy for Peanut Allergy-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Early-life peanut oral immunotherapy associated with long-term ingestion and immunologic changes.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Trial
- Effect of High-Dose Oral Insulin in Children With Stage 1 Type 1 Diabetes: The Fr1da Insulin Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial.Diabetes care · 2026Trial
- Dosing Reactions and Missed Doses Affect Peanut Oral Immunotherapy Outcomes.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2026Trial
- Safety of a novel oral immunotherapy approach in preschool children with single and multiple food allergies.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Trial
- Assessing pediatric clinician adherence to the guidelines for prevention of peanut allergy: a natural language processing study.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2025Trial
- Pediatric Clinician Adherence to Peanut Allergy Prevention Guidelines: A Randomized Trial.Pediatrics · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Daily egg intake may reduce sensitisation to common allergenic foods among six- to nine-month-old south African infants: A randomized controlled trial.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2025Trial
- Follow-up to Adolescence after Early Peanut Introduction for Allergy Prevention.NEJM evidence · 2024Trial
- Gut microbial metabolism of peanuts generates immunoregulatory metabolites.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Navigating Solid Food Introduction: A Qualitative Exploration of Caregivers' Beliefs, Readiness, and Influences on Infant Feeding Practices.Journal of pediatrics. Clinical practice · 2026Article
- Infant microbiome development: a renewed focus on the second six months and complementary feeding.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Maternal Prenatal Diet and Colic and Eczema Among Infants.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- SAT1-Induced Spermidine Depletion Potentiates Food Allergy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- The exposome and inflammatory bowel disease: a framework for primary and primordial prevention.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Early-Life Nutrition: The Interplay of Nutritional, Microbial, Genetic, and Environmental Factors in Food Allergy Development and Prevention.Nutrients · 2026Review
- From genes to environment: A life-course approach to prevent pediatric autoimmune diseases.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Review
708 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe prevalence of peanut allergy among children in Western countries has doubled in the past 10 years, and peanut allergy is becoming apparent in Africa and Asia. We evaluated strategies of peanut consumption and avoidance to determine which strategy is most effective in preventing the development of peanut allergy in infants at high risk for the allergy.
methodsWe randomly assigned 640 infants with severe eczema, egg allergy, or both to consume or avoid peanuts until 60 months of age. Participants, who were at least 4 months but younger than 11 months of age at randomization, were assigned to separate study cohorts on the basis of preexisting sensitivity to peanut extract, which was determined with the use of a skin-prick test--one consisting of participants with no measurable wheal after testing and the other consisting of those with a wheal measuring 1 to 4 mm in diameter. The primary outcome, which was assessed independently in each cohort, was the proportion of participants with peanut allergy at 60 months of age.
resultsAmong the 530 infants in the intention-to-treat population who initially had negative results on the skin-prick test, the prevalence of peanut allergy at 60 months of age was 13.7% in the avoidance group and 1.9% in the consumption group (P<0.001). Among the 98 participants in the intention-to-treat population who initially had positive test results, the prevalence of peanut allergy was 35.3% in the avoidance group and 10.6% in the consumption group (P=0.004). There was no significant between-group difference in the incidence of serious adverse events. Increases in levels of peanut-specific IgG4 antibody occurred predominantly in the consumption group; a greater percentage of participants in the avoidance group had elevated titers of peanut-specific IgE antibody. A larger wheal on the skin-prick test and a lower ratio of peanut-specific IgG4:IgE were associated with peanut allergy.
conclusionsThe early introduction of peanuts significantly decreased the frequency of the development of peanut allergy among children at high risk for this allergy and modulated immune responses to peanuts. (Funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00329784.).
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.