ArticleMolecular autism2015
Antipurinergic therapy corrects the autism-like features in the Fragile X (Fmr1 knockout) mouse model.
Article in Molecular autism, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The UCSD Suramin Autism Treatment-1 (SAT1) Trial
Suramin for the Treatment of Autism Trial (STAT): A Randomized, Double Blind, Crossover Trial of KZ101 in a Male Pediatric Population With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 281 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comprehensive Nutritional and Dietary Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder-A Randomized, Controlled 12-Month Trial.Nutrients · 2018Trial
- Rare Variants in Purinergic P2X Receptor GenesHuman mutation · 2026Article
- Novel therapeutics in autism spectrum disorder.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Review
- Suramin protects against chronic stress-induced neurobehavioral deficits via cGAS-STING/NF-κB suppression.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Targeting the P2X7 receptor signaling pathway: Unlocking therapeutic strategies for autism spectrum disorder.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Review
- Dysregulated metabolic pathways associated with air pollution exposure and the risk of autism: Evidence from epidemiological studies.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2024Review
- Article
- Metabolic network analysis of pre-ASD newborns and 5-year-old children with autism spectrum disorder.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Metabolic features of treatment-refractory major depressive disorder with suicidal ideation.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- Randomized clinical trial of low dose suramin intravenous infusions for treatment of autism spectrum disorder.Annals of general psychiatry · 2023Article
- The Relevance of Animal Models of Social Isolation and Social Motivation for Understanding Schizophrenia: Review and Future Directions.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Review
- Alterations of Purinergic Receptors Levels and Their Involvement in the Glial Cell Morphology in a Pre-Clinical Model of Autism Spectrum Disorders.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Sex-specific microglia state in the Neuroligin-4 knock-out mouse model of autism spectrum disorder.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2023Article
- Altered Purinergic Signaling in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Focus on P2 Receptors.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Mouse models of fragile X-related disorders.Disease models & mechanisms · 2023Review
- Effects of Stromal Cell Conditioned Medium and Antipurinergic Treatment on Macrophage Phenotype.Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods · 2022Article
- Retinoic Acid Supplementation Rescues the Social Deficits inFrontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- A Possible Causal Involvement of Neuroinflammatory, Purinergic P2X7 Receptors in Psychiatric Disorders.Current neuropharmacology · 2022Article
- Altered inflammatory response in FMRP-deficient microglia.iScience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study was designed to test a new approach to drug treatment of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in the Fragile X (Fmr1) knockout mouse model.
methodsWe used behavioral analysis, mass spectrometry, metabolomics, electron microscopy, and western analysis to test the hypothesis that the disturbances in social behavior, novelty preference, metabolism, and synapse structure are treatable with antipurinergic therapy (APT).
resultsWeekly treatment with the purinergic antagonist suramin (20 mg/kg intraperitoneally), started at 9 weeks of age, restored normal social behavior, and improved metabolism, and brain synaptosomal structure. Abnormalities in synaptosomal glutamate, endocannabinoid, purinergic, and IP3 receptor expression, complement C1q, TDP43, and amyloid β precursor protein (APP) were corrected. Comprehensive metabolomic analysis identified 20 biochemical pathways associated with symptom improvements. Seventeen pathways were shared with human ASD, and 11 were shared with the maternal immune activation (MIA) model of ASD. These metabolic pathways were previously identified as functionally related mediators of the evolutionarily conserved cell danger response (CDR).
conclusionsThe data show that antipurinergic therapy improves the multisystem, ASD-like features of both the environmental MIA, and the genetic Fragile X models. These abnormalities appeared to be traceable to mitochondria and regulated by purinergic signaling.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.