ReviewImmunological reviews2015
Inherited and acquired immunodeficiencies underlying tuberculosis in childhood.
Review in Immunological reviews, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 133 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
133 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 218 citations in OpenAlex.
- Primary subacute epiphyseal osteomyelitis caused by Mycobacterium species in young children: a modern diagnostic approach.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2017Pooled it
- Genetic and immunologic determinants of BCG disease: from mechanism to prevention.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Strong, sustained type I IFN signaling acts cell intrinsically to impair IFNγ responses and cause tuberculosis susceptibility.Cell host & microbe · 2026Article
- Host Immune Competence as a Missing Variable in the Diagnostic Pathway for Spinal Tuberculosis.Global spine journal · 2026Article
- A drug-resistant TB cluster in a refugee family with Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSDM).IJTLD open · 2026Article
- Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases with BCG-Induced Diseases: A 15-Year Longitudinal Cohort Study.Journal of clinical immunology · 2026Article
- Pediatric Tuberculosis: Unraveling Immunity, Clinical Complexities, and Resource-Driven Disparities in the Pursuit of Prevention.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Strong sustained type I IFN signaling acts cell intrinsically to impair IFNγ responses and cause tuberculosis susceptibility.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease: Clinical, immunological, and genetic study in India.Journal of human immunity · 2026Article
- Review
- Phagosomal RNA sensing through TLR8 controls susceptibility to tuberculosis.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Tuberculosis Trends in the Post-COVID-19 Era: Is It Going to be a Global Concern?Health science reports · 2025Article
- Management of tuberculosis risk, screening and preventive therapy in patients with chronic autoimmune arthritis undergoing biotechnological and targeted immunosuppressive agents.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Popularity of HIV self-tests may say more about the state of our primary care system than about the device itself.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2024Article
- First Brazilian Case Report of Unrelated Patients with Identical ISG15 Mutation.Journal of clinical immunology · 2024Article
- The frequency of CD38Nature communications · 2024Article
- Tuberculosis in kidney transplant candidates and recipients.World journal of transplantation · 2024Review
- Article
- Reappraising the Role of T Cell-Derived IFN-γ in Restriction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Murine Lung.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- CD38+ Alveolar macrophages mediate early control of M. tuberculosis proliferation in the lung.Research square · 2024Article
73 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
41 authors at 20 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) and a few related mycobacteria, is a devastating disease, killing more than a million individuals per year worldwide. However, its pathogenesis remains largely elusive, as only a small proportion of infected individuals develop clinical disease either during primary infection or during reactivation from latency or secondary infection. Subacute, hematogenous, and extrapulmonary disease tends to be more frequent in infants, children, and teenagers than in adults. Life-threatening primary TB of childhood can result from known acquired or inherited immunodeficiencies, although the vast majority of cases remain unexplained. We review here the conditions conferring a predisposition to childhood clinical diseases caused by mycobacteria, including not only M.tb but also weakly virulent mycobacteria, such as BCG vaccines and environmental mycobacteria. Infections with weakly virulent mycobacteria are much rarer than TB, but the inherited and acquired immunodeficiencies underlying these infections are much better known. Their study has also provided genetic and immunological insights into childhood TB, as illustrated by the discovery of single-gene inborn errors of IFN-γ immunity underlying severe cases of TB. Novel findings are expected from ongoing and future human genetic studies of childhood TB in countries that combine a high proportion of consanguineous marriages, a high incidence of TB, and an excellent clinical care, such as Iran, Morocco, and Turkey.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.