Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25701167›Full record

ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2015

Gene-wide identification of episodic selection.

Ben Murrell, Steven Weaver, Martin D Smith, Joel O Wertheim, Sasha Murrell, Anthony Aylward, Kemal Eren, Tristan Pollner, Darren P Martin, Davey M Smith and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 419 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
419citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

419 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  3. Complete Mitogenomes of the Critically Endangered Hainan Gibbon (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026
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  18. Article
  19. The genetic foundations of convergent traits.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026
    Review
  20. Article

359 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Ben MurrellDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Diego.
Steven WeaverDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Diego.
Martin D SmithGraduate program in Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, University of California San Diego.
Joel O WertheimDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Diego.
Sasha MurrellDepartment of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA.
Anthony AylwardGraduate program in Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, University of California San Diego.
Kemal ErenGraduate program in Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, University of California San Diego Graduate program in Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego.
Tristan PollnerCanyon Crest Academy, San Diego, CA.
Darren P MartinComputational Biology Group, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Davey M SmithDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Diego Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA.
Konrad SchefflerDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Diego Department of Mathematical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Sergei L Kosakovsky PondDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Diego spond@ucsd.edu.

Funding

VirologyP30AI036214 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Maile Ann Young Karris · 1994 to 2026
$78.4M
RESEARCH TRAINING-MEDICAL INFORMATICS 90T15LM007092 · NLM · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI Nils Gehlenborg · 1992 to 2026
$32.8M
iDASH: Integrating Data for Analysis, Anonymization, and SharingU54HL108460 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI OHNO-MACHADO, LUCILA · 2010 to 2015
$19.1M
Viral correlates of neutralizing antibody responseU19AI090970 · NIAID · INTERNATIONAL AIDS VACCINE INITIATIVE · PI POIGNARD, PASCAL · 2010 to 2014
$9.3M
Molecular Epidemiology for HIV Prevention for Drug Users and Other Risk Groups DP1DA034978 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SMITH, DAVID MITCHELL · 2012 to 2016
$4.1M
A Multi-Site Investigation into the Effect of HIV Clade on Neurocognitive ImpairmR01MH083552 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SMITH, DAVID MITCHELL · 2008 to 2012
$3.3M
Modeling Epidemic Infectious Diseases Using Sequence AnalysisU01GM110749 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI POND, SERGEI L KOSAKOVSKY · 2014 to 2018
$3.0M
HyPhy: Molecular Evolutionary AnalysesR01GM093939 · NIGMS · TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH · PI MUSE, SPENCER V., POND, SERGEI L KOSAKOVSKY · 2010 to 2018
$2.5M
Effects of Host and Viral Aging on NeurocognitionR01MH097520 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SMITH, DAVID MITCHELL · 2012 to 2016
$2.0M
Mentoring Translational Research in HIVK24AI100665 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SMITH, DAVID MITCHELL · 2012 to 2021
$1.5M
Public Health Implications of HIV Transmission NetworksK01AI110181 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI WERTHEIM, JOEL OKRENT · 2014 to 2018
$668k
NHLBI NIH HHS U54 HL108460NHLBI NIH HHS U54HL108460NIAID NIH HHS AI090970NIAID NIH HHS AI100665NIAID NIH HHS AI110181NIAID NIH HHS K01 AI110181NIAID NIH HHS K24 AI100665NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI036214NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI090970NIDA NIH HHS DA034978NIDA NIH HHS DP1 DA034978NIGMS NIH HHS GM093939NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM093939NIGMS NIH HHS U01 GM110749NIGMS NIH HHS U01GM110749NIMH NIH HHS MH083552NIMH NIH HHS MH097520NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH083552NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH097520NLM NIH HHS T15 LM007092NLM NIH HHS T15LM007092
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We present BUSTED, a new approach to identifying gene-wide evidence of episodic positive selection, where the non-synonymous substitution rate is transiently greater than the synonymous rate. BUSTED can be used either on an entire phylogeny (without requiring an a priori hypothesis regarding which branches are under positive selection) or on a pre-specified subset of foreground lineages (if a suitable a priori hypothesis is available). Selection is modeled as varying stochastically over branches and sites, and we propose a computationally inexpensive evidence metric for identifying sites subject to episodic positive selection on any foreground branches. We compare BUSTED with existing models on simulated and empirical data. An implementation is available on www.datamonkey.org/busted, with a widget allowing the interactive specification of foreground branches.

Indexed as

Computer SimulationEvolution, MolecularModels, GeneticPhylogenySelection, Geneticbranch-site modelepisodic selectionevolutionary modelrandom effects model

Identifiers

PMID25701167
PMCPMC4408417

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.