ArticleThe American journal of drug and alcohol abuse2015
Prescription opioid use and non-fatal overdose in a cohort of injection drug users.
Article in The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Health harms of non-medical prescription opioid use: A systematic review.Drug and alcohol review · 2022Pooled it
- Non-fatal drug overdose among persons who inject drugs during first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City: Prevalence, risk factors.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2023Article
- Effect of initiation of medications for opioid use disorder on hospitalization outcomes for endocarditis and osteomyelitis in a large private hospital system in the United States, 2014-18.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Article
- Illicit opioid use following changes in opioids prescribed for chronic non-cancer pain.PloS one · 2020Article
- Fentanyl and heroin contained in seized illicit drugs and overdose-related deaths in British Columbia, Canada: An observational analysis.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2018Observational
- Increasing availability of illicit and prescription opioids among people who inject drugs in a Canadian setting, 2010-2014.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2018Article
- Risk factors for severe respiratory depression from prescription opioid overdose.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2018Article
- Seeking prescription opioids from physicians for nonmedical use among people who inject drugs in a Canadian setting.The American journal on addictions · 2016Observational
- The effect of prescription opioid injection on the risk of non-fatal overdose among people who inject drugs.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is growing concern regarding rising rates of prescription drug-related deaths among the general North American population as well as increasing availability of illicitly obtained prescription opioids. Concurrently among people who inject drugs (IDU), illicit prescription opioid use has increased while non-fatal overdose remains a major source of morbidity.
objectivesTo evaluate whether the use of prescription opioids was associated with non-fatal overdose among IDU in Vancouver, Canada.
methodsData was obtained from two open prospective cohorts of IDU between December 2005 and May 2013. We used generalized estimating equation (GEE) logistic regression to evaluate the association between prescription opioid use and non-fatal overdose, adjusting for various social, demographic, and behavioral factors.
resultsThere were 1614 IDU, including 541 (33.5%) women, who were recruited and included in this analysis. At baseline, 526 (32.6%) reported using prescription opioids and 118 (7.3%) reported experiencing an overdose in the previous six months. In a multivariable analysis, prescription opioid use remained independently associated with non-fatal overdose (adjusted odds ratio: 1.61, 95% confidence interval: 1.32-1.95), after adjusting for confounders.
conclusionWe observed relatively high rates of prescription opioid use among IDU in this setting, and found an independent association between prescription opioid use and non-fatal overdose. Our data is likely representative of riskier substance use associated with those who use prescription opioids within our sample. Interventions to prevent and respond to overdoses should consider the higher risk profiles of IDU who use prescription opioids.
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Registered trials
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