Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25699005›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2015

Somatic experiencing: using interoception and proprioception as core elements of trauma therapy.

Peter Payne, Peter A Levine, Mardi A Crane-Godreau

Erratum issued Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT06549777 (Body-oriented Psychotherapy vs. Psychoeducation and Treatment Information for Individuals With a History of Child Maltreatment and Trauma-related Symptoms), which is not on this map. Cited by 94 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
94citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06549777 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Body-oriented Psychotherapy vs. Psychoeducation and Treatment Information for Individuals With a History of Child Maltreatment and Trauma-related Symptoms: Assessing Safety, Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Outcomes

TypeinterventionalSponsorMonique PfaltzRan2024 to 2026Enrolled50ConditionsSafety, Psychological, Acceptability of Health Care, Psychological Safety, Maltreatment, ChildArmsSE-group, Control
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

94 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Peter PayneDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon, NH, USA.
Peter A LevineFoundation for Human Enrichment Boulder, CO, USA.
Mardi A Crane-GodreauDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon, NH, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Here we present a theory of human trauma and chronic stress, based on the practice of Somatic Experiencing(®) (SE), a form of trauma therapy that emphasizes guiding the client's attention to interoceptive, kinesthetic, and proprioceptive experience. SE™ claims that this style of inner attention, in addition to the use of kinesthetic and interoceptive imagery, can lead to the resolution of symptoms resulting from chronic and traumatic stress. This is accomplished through the completion of thwarted, biologically based, self-protective and defensive responses, and the discharge and regulation of excess autonomic arousal. We present this theory through a composite case study of SE treatment; based on this example, we offer a possible neurophysiological rationale for the mechanisms involved, including a theory of trauma and chronic stress as a functional dysregulation of the complex dynamical system formed by the subcortical autonomic, limbic, motor and arousal systems, which we term the core response network (CRN). We demonstrate how the methods of SE help restore functionality to the CRN, and we emphasize the importance of taking into account the instinctive, bodily based protective reactions when dealing with stress and trauma, as well as the effectiveness of using attention to interoceptive, proprioceptive and kinesthetic sensation as a therapeutic tool. Finally, we point out that SE and similar somatic approaches offer a supplement to cognitive and exposure therapies, and that mechanisms similar to those discussed in the paper may also be involved in the benefits of meditation and other somatic practices.

Indexed as

autonomic nervous systemcore response networkinteroceptionmeditationpremotor systemsomatic experiencingstresstrauma

Identifiers

PMID25699005
PMCPMC4316402

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.