Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25697911›Full record

Trial reportDrug and alcohol dependence2015

Lack of attentional retraining effects in cigarette smokers attempting cessation: a proof of concept double-blind randomised controlled trial.

Rachna Begh, Marcus R Munafò, Saul Shiffman, Stuart G Ferguson, Linda Nichols, Mohammed A Mohammed, Roger L Holder, Stephen Sutton, Paul Aveyard

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Effect of attentional retraining on cognition, craving, and smoking in African American smokers.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2017
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  14. Cigarette Cue Attentional Bias in Cocaine-Smoking and Non-Cocaine-Using Cigarette Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2016
    Article
  15. Attentional bias to negative affect moderates negative affect's relationship with smoking abstinence.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2016
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Rachna BeghUK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK. Electronic address: rachna.begh@phc.ox.ac.uk.
Marcus R MunafòUK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Experimental Psychology, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK.
Saul ShiffmanDepartment of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Sennott Square, 3rd Floor, 210 South Bouquet Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
Stuart G FergusonSchool of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 26, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
Linda NicholsPrimary Care Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Mohammed A MohammedSchool of Health Studies, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK.
Roger L HolderPrimary Care Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Stephen SuttonBehavioural Science Group, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK.
Paul AveyardUK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK.

Funding

Department of Health DRF-2009-02-15Medical Research Council MC_UU_12013/6Medical Research Council MR/K023195/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundObservational studies have shown that attentional bias for smoking-related cues is associated with increased craving and relapse. Laboratory experiments have shown that manipulating attentional bias may change craving. Interventions to reduce attentional bias could reduce relapse in smokers seeking to quit. We report a clinical trial of attentional retraining in treatment-seeking smokers.

methodsThis was a double-blind randomised controlled trial that took place in UK smoking cessation clinics. Smokers interested in quitting were randomised to five weekly sessions of attentional retraining (N=60) or placebo training (N = 58) using a modified visual probe task from one week prior to quit day. Both groups received 21 mg nicotine patches (from quit day onwards) and behavioural support. Primary outcomes included change in attentional bias reaction times four weeks after quit day on the visual probe task and craving measured weekly using the Mood and Physical Symptoms Scale. Secondary outcomes were changes in withdrawal symptoms, time to first lapse and prolonged abstinence.

resultsNo attentional bias towards smoking cues was found in the sample at baseline (mean difference = 3 ms, 95% CI = -2, 9). Post-training bias was not significantly lower in the retraining group compared with the placebo group (mean difference = -9 ms, 95% CI = -20, 2). There was no difference between groups in change in craving (p = 0.89) and prolonged abstinence at four weeks (risk ratio = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.70, 1.43).

conclusionsTaken with one other trial, there appears to be no effect from clinic-based attentional retraining using the visual probe task. Attentional retraining conducted out of clinic may prove more effective. CLINICAL

trial registrationUK Clinical Trials ISRCTN 54375405.

Indexed as

AttentionBehavior TherapySmoking CessationAdultCombined Modality TherapyCravingCuesDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedReaction TimeTime FactorsTobacco Use Cessation DevicesTobacco Use DisorderAttentional biasAttentional retrainingCigarette smokingCravingSmoking cessation

Identifiers

PMID25697911
PMCPMC4961243

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.