ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2014
A pilot study of autologous tumor lysate-loaded dendritic cell vaccination combined with sunitinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Benefit, Risk, and Outcomes in Drug Development: A Systematic Review of Sunitinib.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2016Pooled it
- Vaccination with poly(IC:LC) and peptide-pulsed autologous dendritic cells in patients with pancreatic cancer.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2017Trial
- Cancer Vaccines in Genitourinary Malignancies: Current Advances and Future Directions.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Reprogramming dendritic cells to overcome tumor-mediated immune suppression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Enhancing DC cancer vaccine by allogeneic MHC class II expression and Treg depletion.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells; mechanisms, functional significance, and targeting in cancer therapy.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2025Review
- Exploring molecular and cellular mechanisms of Pre-Metastatic niche in renal cell carcinoma.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Dendritic cells as orchestrators of anticancer immunity and immunotherapy.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2024Review
- Role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor recurrence.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2023Review
- The effects of dendritic cell-based vaccines in the tumor microenvironment: Impact on myeloid-derived suppressor cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Dendritic Cells and Cancer Immunotherapy: The Adjuvant Effect.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as immunosuppressive regulators and therapeutic targets in cancer.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2021Review
- Dendritic cells matured with recombinant human sperm associated antigen 9 (rhSPAG9) induce CD4Cancer cell international · 2021Article
- Checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy in kidney cancer.Nature reviews. Urology · 2020Review
- Combination Therapy with EpCAM-CAR-NK-92 Cells and Regorafenib against Human Colorectal Cancer Models.Journal of immunology research · 2018Article
- Dendritic Cell Cancer Therapy: Vaccinating the Right Patient at the Right Time.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Artificial human antigen-presenting cells are superior to dendritic cells at inducing cytotoxic T-cell responses.Immunology · 2017Article
- Novel immunotherapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.Investigative and clinical urology · 2017Review
- Combining dendritic cells and B cells for presentation of oxidised tumour antigens to CD8Clinical & translational immunology · 2017Article
- Development of effective tumor immunotherapy using a novel dendritic cell-targeting Toll-like receptor ligand.PloS one · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor currently in use for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), has been reported to modulate immunosuppressive cells such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in addition to exerting anti-angiogenic effects. We conducted a clinical trial of dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy together with sunitinib in mRCC patients in an effort to enhance immunotherapeutic efficacy by inhibiting immunosuppressive cells.
methodsPatients aged ≥20 years with advanced or recurrent mRCC who underwent nephrectomy were eligible for this study. Autologous tumor samples were obtained by surgery under aseptic conditions and used for preparing autologous tumor lysate. About 4 weeks after surgery, leukapheresis was performed to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). DCs were generated from adherent PBMCs in the presence of recombinant human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (500 IU/ml) and recombinant human IL-4 (500 IU/ml). Autologous tumor lysate was loaded into mature DC by electroporation. Eight patients were enrolled in the study and received sunitinib at a dose of 50 mg p.o. daily for 28 days followed by 14 days of rest. Tumor lysate-loaded DCs were administered subcutaneously every two weeks, with concomitant sunitinib.
resultsNo severe adverse events related to vaccination were observed. Sunitinib decreased the frequencies of MDSCs in peripheral blood of 5 patients and of Tregs in 3. Tumor lysate-reactive CD4 or CD8 T cell responses were observed in 5 patients, 4 of whom showed decreased frequencies of Tregs and/or MDSCs. The remaining 3 patients who failed to develop tumor-reactive T cell responses had high levels of IL-8 in their sera and did not show consistent reductions in MDSCs and Tregs.
conclusionsDC-based immunotherapy combined with sunitinib is safe and feasible for patients with mRCC.
trial registrationUMIN000002136.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.