ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2015
Immunoprevention of chemical carcinogenesis through early recognition of oncogene mutations.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Method to Study Skin Cancer: Two-Stage Chemically Induced Carcinogenesis in Mouse Skin.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Vaccines for cancer prevention: exploring opportunities and navigating challenges.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2025Review
- Tumor initiation and early tumorigenesis: molecular mechanisms and interventional targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Review
- Targets and Strategies for Cancer Immunoprevention.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Review
- Vaccines for immunoprevention of cancer.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Review
- The Tumor Microenvironment in SCC: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Potentiation of Kras peptide cancer vaccine by avasimibe, a cholesterol modulator.EBioMedicine · 2019Article
- Immunosurveillance of cancer and the heat shock protein-CD91 pathway.Cellular immunology · 2019Article
- Article
- Cancer immunoprevention: from mice to early clinical trials.BMC immunology · 2018Review
- Current modalities in cancer immunotherapy: Immunomodulatory antibodies, CARs and vaccines.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2017Review
- IL-23 Inhibits Melanoma Development by Augmenting DNA Repair and Modulating T Cell Subpopulations.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2017Article
- Transcriptome profiling in oral cavity and esophagus tissues from (S)-N'-nitrosonornicotine-treated rats reveals candidate genes involved in human oral cavity and esophageal carcinogenesis.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2016Article
- Cancer immunoprevention.Current opinion in immunology · 2016Review
- Neoepitopes of Cancers: Looking Back, Looking Ahead.Cancer immunology research · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Prevention of tumors induced by environmental carcinogens has not been achieved. Skin tumors produced by polyaromatic hydrocarbons, such as 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), often harbor an H-ras point mutation, suggesting that it is a poor target for early immunosurveillance. The application of pyrosequencing and allele-specific PCR techniques established that mutations in the genome and expression of the Mut H-ras gene could be detected as early as 1 d after DMBA application. Further, DMBA sensitization raised Mut H-ras epitope-specific CTLs capable of eliminating Mut H-ras(+) preneoplastic skin cells, demonstrating that immunosurveillance is normally induced but may be ineffective owing to insufficient effector pool size and/or immunosuppression. To test whether selective pre-expansion of CD8 T cells with specificity for the single Mut H-ras epitope was sufficient for tumor prevention, MHC class I epitope-focused lentivector-infected dendritic cell- and DNA-based vaccines were designed to bias toward CTL rather than regulatory T cell induction. Mut H-ras, but not wild-type H-ras, epitope-focused vaccination generated specific CTLs and inhibited DMBA-induced tumor initiation, growth, and progression in preventative and therapeutic settings. Transferred Mut H-ras-specific effectors induced rapid tumor regression, overcoming established tumor suppression in tumor-bearing mice. These studies support further evaluation of oncogenic mutations for their potential to act as early tumor-specific, immunogenic epitopes in expanding relevant immunosurveillance effectors to block tumor formation, rather than treating established tumors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.