ArticleOccupational and environmental medicine2015
Soft tissue sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in workers exposed to phenoxy herbicides: extended follow-up of a UK cohort.
Article in Occupational and environmental medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between occupational exposures and sarcoma incidence and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Investigation of Survival and Prognostic Factors with Drug-Related Remission.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Agent orange exposure and prostate cancer risk in the million veteran program.Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) · 2024Article
- Exposures to 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid with or without endotoxin upregulate small cell lung cancer pathway.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2021Article
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021Review
- Influence of Rurality, Race, and Ethnicity on Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Incidence.Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia · 2020Article
- Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia in the MCC-Spain Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Establishing a role for environmental toxicant exposure induced epigenetic remodeling in malignant transformation.Seminars in cancer biology · 2019Review
- Occupational Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer: A Meta-analysis.Journal of cancer prevention · 2019Review
- A Perspective Discussion on Rising Pesticide Levels and Colon Cancer Burden in Brazil.Frontiers in public health · 2017Article
- Passive exposure to agricultural pesticides and risk of childhood leukemia in an Italian community.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo provide further information on the possible carcinogenicity of phenoxy herbicides, and in particular their relationship to soft tissue sarcoma (STS), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL).
methodsWe extended follow-up to December 2012 for 8036 men employed at five factories in the UK which had manufactured phenoxy herbicides, or in a contract spraying business. Mortality was compared with that for England and Wales by the person-years method. Nested case-control analyses compared men with incident or fatal STS (n=15) or NHL/CLL (n=74) and matched controls (up to 10 per case).
results4093 men had died, including 2303 since the last follow-up. Mortality from all causes and all cancers was close to expectation, but an excess of deaths from NHL was observed among men who had worked for ≥1 year in jobs with more than background exposure to phenoxy herbicides (19 deaths, SMR 1.85, 95% CI 1.12 to 2.89). Four deaths from STS occurred among men potentially exposed above background (3.3 expected). In the nested case-control analyses, there were no significantly elevated risks or consistent trends across categories of potential exposure for either STS or NHL/CLL. Among men who had worked for ≥1 year in potentially exposed jobs, the highest OR (for STS) was only 1.30 (95% CI 0.30 to 5.62).
conclusionsOur findings are consistent with the current balance of epidemiological evidence. If phenoxy herbicides pose a hazard of either STS or NHL, then any absolute increase in risk is likely to be small.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.