Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25692883›Full record

ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2015

The spatiotemporal expansion of human rabies and its probable explanation in mainland China, 2004-2013.

Hong-Wu Yao, Yang Yang, Kun Liu, Xin-Lou Li, Shu-Qing Zuo, Ruo-Xi Sun, Li-Qun Fang, Wu-Chun Cao

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Model misspecification misleads inference of the spatial dynamics of disease outbreaks.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Hong-Wu YaoState Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Yang YangDepartment of Biostatistics and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America.
Kun LiuState Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Xin-Lou LiState Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Shu-Qing ZuoState Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Ruo-Xi SunState Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Li-Qun FangState Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Wu-Chun CaoState Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Institute of Microbiology · CNUniversity of Florida · US

Funding

Understanding Transmission with Integrated Genetic and Epidemiologic InferenceU54GM111274 · NIGMS · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI KOOPMAN, JAMES STEPHEN · 2014 to 2018
$12.5M
Containing Bioterrorist and Emerging Infectious DiseasesU01GM070749 · NIGMS · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI HALLORAN, M ELIZABETH, LONGINI, IRA M · 2004 to 2013
$8.3M
NIGMS NIH HHS U01 GM070749NIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM111274NIGMS NIH HHS U54-GM111274PHS HHS 81172728
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHuman rabies is a significant public health concern in mainland China. However, the neglect of rabies expansion and scarce analyses of the dynamics have made the spatiotemporal spread pattern of human rabies and its determinants being poorly understood.

methodsWe collected geographic locations and timeline of reported human rabies cases, rabies sequences and socioeconomic variables for the years 2004-2013, and integrated multidisciplinary approaches, including epidemiological characterization, hotspots identification, risk factors analysis and phylogeographic inference, to explore the spread pattern of human rabies in mainland China during the last decade.

resultsThe results show that human rabies distribution and hotspots were expanding from southeastern regions to north or west regions, which could be associated with the evolution of the virus, especially the clade I-G. A Panel Poisson Regression analysis reveals that human rabies incidences had significant correlation with the education level, GDP per capita, temperature at one-month lag and canine rabies outbreak at two-month lag.

conclusionsThe reduction in the overall human rabies incidence was accompanied by a westward and northward expansion of the circulating region in mainland China. Higher risk of human rabies was associated with lower level of education and economic status. New clades of rabies, especial Clade I-G, played an important role in recent spread. Our findings provide valuable information for rabies control and prevention in the future.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiological EvolutionChinaCluster AnalysisDog DiseasesDogsEducational StatusGeographyHumansIncidencePhylogeographyRabiesRabies VaccinesRabies virusRisk FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsRabies Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID25692883
PMCPMC4334667
OpenAlexW2030066962

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.