ArticlePloS one2015
Plant virus particles carrying tumour antigen activate TLR7 and Induce high levels of protective antibody.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plant-derived nanocarriers & nanostructures for barrier-defined translation: a comprehensive review of mechanisms, targets, and translation.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Plant Viral Vectors for Vaccine Development.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Engineering filamentous potato virus X as a platform nanotechnology for nucleic acid gene delivery.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Plant-Derived Immunomodulatory Nanoadjuvants for Cancer Vaccines: Current Status and Future Opportunities.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Plant Virus Intratumoral Immunotherapy with CPMV and PVX Elicits Durable Antitumor Immunity in a Mouse Model of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Article
- Synergistic combination therapy using cowpea mosaic virus intratumoral immunotherapy and Lag-3 checkpoint blockade.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- The Plant Viruses and Molecular Farming: How Beneficial They Might Be for Human and Animal Health?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Virus-like Particles for TEM Regulation and Antitumor Therapy.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2022Review
- Review
- Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology: Plant Nanoparticles for Anti-Cancer Therapy.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Plant Virus Nanoparticles for Anti-cancer Therapy.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Review
- Convenient Auto-Processing Vector Based on Bamboo Mosaic Virus for Presentation of Antigens Through Enzymatic Coupling.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Plant Viruses and Bacteriophage-Based Reagents for Diagnosis and Therapy.Annual review of virology · 2020Review
- Biomimetic Nanotechnology toward Personalized Vaccines.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2020Review
- Endosomal toll-like receptors play a key role in activation of primary human monocytes by cowpea mosaic virus.Immunology · 2020Article
- Viral nanoparticles for drug delivery, imaging, immunotherapy, and theranostic applications.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Review
- Future of cancer immunotherapy using plant virus-based nanoparticles.Future science OA · 2019Review
- Cowpea Mosaic Virus Promotes Anti-Tumor Activity and Immune Memory in a Mouse Ovarian Tumor Model.Advanced therapeutics · 2019Article
- CD47 Blockade and Cowpea Mosaic Virus Nanoparticle In Situ Vaccination Triggers Phagocytosis and Tumor Killing.Advanced healthcare materials · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Induction of potent antibody is the goal of many vaccines targeted against infections or cancer. Modern vaccine designs that use virus-like particles (VLP) have shown efficacy for prophylactic vaccination against virus-associated cancer in the clinic. Here we used plant viral particles (PVP), which are structurally analogous to VLP, coupled to a weak idiotypic (Id) tumour antigen, as a conjugate vaccine to induce antibody against a murine B-cell malignancy. The Id-PVP vaccine incorporates a natural adjuvant, the viral ssRNA, which acts via TLR7. It induced potent protective anti-Id antibody responses in an in vivo mouse model, superior to the "gold standard" Id vaccine, with prevalence of the IgG2a isotype. Combination with alum further increased antibody levels and maintained the IgG2a bias. Engagement of TLR7 in vivo was followed by secretion of IFN-α by plasmacytoid dendritic cells and by activation of splenic CD11chi conventional dendritic cells. The latter was apparent from up-regulation of co-stimulatory molecules and from secretion of a wide range of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including the Th1-governing cytokine IL-12, in keeping with the IgG2a antibody isotype distribution. PVP conjugates are a novel cancer vaccine design, offering an attractive molecular form, similar to VLP, and providing T-cell help. In contrast to VLP, they also incorporate a safe "in-built" ssRNA adjuvant.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.