Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25691693›Full record

ArticleNeuro-oncology2015

Changes in the EGFR amplification and EGFRvIII expression between paired primary and recurrent glioblastomas.

Martin J van den Bent, Ya Gao, Melissa Kerkhof, Johan M Kros, Thierry Gorlia, Kitty van Zwieten, Jory Prince, Sjoerd van Duinen, Peter A Sillevis Smitt, Martin Taphoorn and 1 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuro-oncology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 127 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
127citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
8.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

127 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 173 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Article
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  10. The functional imperative in high-grade glioma.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026
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  17. CAR T cell therapy for glioblastoma: A review of the first decade of clinical trials.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
    Review
  18. Article
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67 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Martin J van den BentDepartment of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (M.J.v.d.B., Y.G., K.v.Z., J.P., P.A.S.S., P.J.F.); Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (J.M.K.); Department of Neurology, Haaglanden MC, The Hague, Netherlands (M.K., M.T.); EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium (T.G.); Pathology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands (S.v.D.).
Ya GaoDepartment of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (M.J.v.d.B., Y.G., K.v.Z., J.P., P.A.S.S., P.J.F.); Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (J.M.K.); Department of Neurology, Haaglanden MC, The Hague, Netherlands (M.K., M.T.); EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium (T.G.); Pathology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands (S.v.D.).
Melissa KerkhofDepartment of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (M.J.v.d.B., Y.G., K.v.Z., J.P., P.A.S.S., P.J.F.); Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (J.M.K.); Department of Neurology, Haaglanden MC, The Hague, Netherlands (M.K., M.T.); EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium (T.G.); Pathology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands (S.v.D.).
Johan M KrosDepartment of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (M.J.v.d.B., Y.G., K.v.Z., J.P., P.A.S.S., P.J.F.); Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (J.M.K.); Department of Neurology, Haaglanden MC, The Hague, Netherlands (M.K., M.T.); EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium (T.G.); Pathology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands (S.v.D.).
Thierry GorliaDepartment of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (M.J.v.d.B., Y.G., K.v.Z., J.P., P.A.S.S., P.J.F.); Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (J.M.K.); Department of Neurology, Haaglanden MC, The Hague, Netherlands (M.K., M.T.); EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium (T.G.); Pathology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands (S.v.D.).
Kitty van ZwietenDepartment of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (M.J.v.d.B., Y.G., K.v.Z., J.P., P.A.S.S., P.J.F.); Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (J.M.K.); Department of Neurology, Haaglanden MC, The Hague, Netherlands (M.K., M.T.); EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium (T.G.); Pathology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands (S.v.D.).
Jory PrinceDepartment of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (M.J.v.d.B., Y.G., K.v.Z., J.P., P.A.S.S., P.J.F.); Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (J.M.K.); Department of Neurology, Haaglanden MC, The Hague, Netherlands (M.K., M.T.); EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium (T.G.); Pathology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands (S.v.D.).
Sjoerd van DuinenDepartment of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (M.J.v.d.B., Y.G., K.v.Z., J.P., P.A.S.S., P.J.F.); Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (J.M.K.); Department of Neurology, Haaglanden MC, The Hague, Netherlands (M.K., M.T.); EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium (T.G.); Pathology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands (S.v.D.).
Peter A Sillevis SmittDepartment of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (M.J.v.d.B., Y.G., K.v.Z., J.P., P.A.S.S., P.J.F.); Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (J.M.K.); Department of Neurology, Haaglanden MC, The Hague, Netherlands (M.K., M.T.); EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium (T.G.); Pathology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands (S.v.D.).
Martin TaphoornDepartment of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (M.J.v.d.B., Y.G., K.v.Z., J.P., P.A.S.S., P.J.F.); Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (J.M.K.); Department of Neurology, Haaglanden MC, The Hague, Netherlands (M.K., M.T.); EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium (T.G.); Pathology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands (S.v.D.).
Pim J FrenchDepartment of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (M.J.v.d.B., Y.G., K.v.Z., J.P., P.A.S.S., P.J.F.); Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands (J.M.K.); Department of Neurology, Haaglanden MC, The Hague, Netherlands (M.K., M.T.); EORTC Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium (T.G.); Pathology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands (S.v.D.).
European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer · BEErasmus University Rotterdam · NLLeiden University Medical Center · NLErasmus MC · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe efficacy of novel targeted therapies is often tested at the time of tumor recurrence. However, for glioblastoma (GBM) patients, surgical resections at recurrence are performed only in a minority of patients; therefore, molecular data are predominantly derived from the initial tumor. Molecular data of the initial tumor for patient selection into personalized medicine trials can therefore be used only when the specific genetic change is retained in the recurrent tumor.

methodsIn this study we determined whether EGFR amplification and expression of the most common mutation in GBMs (EGFRvIII) is retained at tumor recurrence. Because retention of genetic changes may be dependent on the initial treatment, we only used a cohort of GBM samples that were uniformly treated according to the current standard of care (ie, chemo-irradiation with temozolomide).

resultsOur data show that, in spite of some quantitative differences, the EGFR amplification status remains stable in the majority (84%) of tumors evaluated. EGFRvIII expression remained similar in 79% of GBMs. However, within the tumors expressing EGFRvIII at initial diagnosis, approximately one-half lose their EGFRvIII expression at tumor recurrence.

conclusionsThe relative stability of EGFR amplification indicates that molecular data obtained in the primary tumor can be used to predict the EGFR status of the recurrent tumor, but care should be taken in extrapolating EGFRvIII expression from the primary tumor, particularly when expressed at first diagnosis.

Indexed as

AdultAgedBrain NeoplasmsErbB ReceptorsFemaleGene AmplificationGlioblastomaHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalEGFR protein, humanepidermal growth factor receptor VIIIErbB ReceptorsEGFREGFRvIIIglioblastomarecurrent tumors

Identifiers

PMID25691693
PMCPMC5762005
OpenAlexW2096226098

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.