Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25689371›Full record

SynthesisPloS one2015

The impact of traditional cardiovascular risk factors on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Leena R Baghdadi, Richard J Woodman, E Michael Shanahan, Arduino A Mangoni

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 111 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
111citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
20.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03821090 completednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

A Study in Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

TypeobservationalSponsorAssiut UniversityRan2019 to 2021Enrolled160ConditionsRheumatoid Arthritis
NCT07416656 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

How Can We Prevent the Underdiagnosis of Diabetes and the Undertreatment of Known Diabetes in Patients With Inflammatory Arthritis Treated With Sulfasalazine?

TypeobservationalSponsorKlavs Würgler HansenRan2026 to 2026Enrolled75ConditionsInflammatory Arthritis, Diabetes (DM), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

111 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 234 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. A systematic review and meta-analysis of circulating adhesion molecules in rheumatoid arthritis.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2024
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51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Leena R BaghdadiDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; Flinders Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
Richard J WoodmanFlinders Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
E Michael ShanahanDepartment of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
Arduino A MangoniDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
Flinders University · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is known to increase the risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. However, the individual impact of traditional CV risk factors in RA is unknown.

objectiveTo assess the strength of the association between individual CV risk factors and rate of either myocardial infarction (MI), combined CV morbidity (MI, angina pectoris, heart failure, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease (PAD)) or CV mortality in RA patients.

methodsRA studies reporting traditional CV risk factors [hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2D), smoking, hypercholesterolaemia, obesity, and physical inactivity] as exposures and MI, CV morbidity (MI, angina, heart failure, stroke, and PAD combined) or CV mortality alone as outcomes were searched until March 2013 using MEDLINE, Scopus and Cochrane. Meta-analyses combined relative risk (RR) estimates from each study where either the RR and 95% confidence intervals or where raw counts were available.

resultsTen studies reporting sufficient data for inclusion into meta-analyses were identified. Relevant data was available for each risk factor and MI and CV morbidity but no studies reported on CV mortality. Risk of MI increased in RA patients with hypertension (RR 1.84, 95% CI 1.38, 2.46) and T2D (RR 1.89, 95% CI 1.36, 2.63). CV morbidity increased with hypertension (RR 2.24, 95% CI 1.42, 3.06), T2D (RR 1.94, 95% CI 1.58, 2.30), smoking (RR 1.50, 95% CI 1.15, 1.84), hypercholesterolaemia (RR 1.73, 95% CI 1.03, 2.44) and obesity (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.03, 1.29) but not with physical inactivity (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.71, 1.29).

conclusionHypertension, T2D, smoking, hypercholesterolaemia and obesity increased CV risk in patients with RA. These results highlight the importance of managing CV risk factors in RA, similarly to non-RA patients.

Indexed as

Arthritis, RheumatoidCardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2HumansLife StyleObesityRisk FactorsSmoking

Identifiers

PMID25689371
PMCPMC4331556
OpenAlexW2128005370

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.