ArticlePloS one2015
Urban-rural disparity of breast cancer and socioeconomic risk factors in China.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effect of breastfeeding on the risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies.International breastfeeding journal · 2026Pooled it
- Cadmium exposure and risk of breast cancer: A meta-analysis.Environmental research · 2023Pooled it
- The mortality and trends of lung cancer among females in urban and rural China, 2004 to 2018: A cohort study.Medicine · 2025Article
- Parity and breastfeeding are contributing factors for geographical differences in breast cancer risk.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Myths and Misconceptions of Breast Cancer Causation among Female Population of Saudi Arabia.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Article
- Association Between Screening Practices and Other Risks and Breast Cancer Among Indonesian Women: A Case-Control Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Intended and Unintended Impacts of '4+7' Volume-Based Drug Procurement on the Use of Drugs in China: A Natural Experimental Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Cross-sectional study of hepatitis B virus infection in female breast cancer patients in China for the first time diagnosed.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Article
- National age-specific mortality trends for cervical and breast cancers in urban-rural areas of China from 2009 to 2021: a population-based analysis.Military Medical Research · 2024Article
- Contrasting income-based inequalities in incidence and mortality of breast cancer in Korea, 2006-2015.Epidemiology and health · 2024Article
- Return-to-work self-efficacy questionnaire: Cross-cultural adaptation and validation in China.Nursing open · 2023Article
- Application of SHAP for Explainable Machine Learning on Age-Based Subgrouping Mammography Questionnaire Data for Positive Mammography Prediction and Risk Factor Identification.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Spatial patterns and the associated factors for breast cancer hospitalization in the rural population of Fujian Province, China.BMC women's health · 2023Article
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- Disparities in Breast Cancer Mortality Rates in Israel among Urban and Rural Women.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Current and future applications of biomarkers in samples collected through minimally invasive methods for cancer medicine and population-based research.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2022Review
- Comparing spatial patterns of 11 common cancers in Mainland China.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Time tracking and multidimensional influencing factors analysis on female breast cancer mortality: Evidence from urban and rural China between 1994 to 2019.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide. The primary aim of this work is the study of breast cancer disparity among Chinese women in urban vs. rural regions and its associations with socioeconomic factors. Data on breast cancer incidence were obtained from the Chinese cancer registry annual report (2005-2009). The ten socioeconomic factors considered in this study were obtained from the national population 2000 census and the Chinese city/county statistical yearbooks. Student's T test was used to assess disparities of female breast cancer and socioeconomic factors in urban vs. rural regions. Pearson correlation and ordinary least squares (OLS) models were employed to analyze the relationships between socioeconomic factors and cancer incidence. It was found that the breast cancer incidence was significantly higher in urban than in rural regions. Moreover, in urban regions, breast cancer incidence remained relatively stable, whereas in rural regions it displayed an annual percentage change (APC) of 8.55. Among the various socioeconomic factors considered, breast cancer incidence exhibited higher positive correlations with population density, percentage of non-agriculture population, and second industry output. On the other hand, the incidence was negatively correlated with the percentage of population employed in primary industry. Overall, it was observed that higher socioeconomic status would lead to a higher breast cancer incidence in China. When studying breast cancer etiology, special attention should be paid to environmental pollutants, especially endocrine disruptors produced during industrial activities. Lastly, the present work's findings strongly recommend giving high priority to the development of a systematic nationwide breast cancer screening program for women in China; with sufficient participation, mammography screening can considerably reduce mortality among women.
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