Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25687711›Full record

ArticlePublic health2015

Area deprivation and age related macular degeneration in the EPIC-Norfolk Eye Study.

Jennifer L Y Yip, Anthony P Khawaja, Michelle P Y Chan, David C Broadway, Tunde Peto, Robert Luben, Shabina Hayat, Amit Bhaniani, Nick Wareham, Paul J Foster and 1 more

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Article in Public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Jennifer L Y YipDepartment of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK. Electronic address: jlyy2@medschl.cam.ac.uk.
Anthony P KhawajaDepartment of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
Michelle P Y ChanNIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
David C BroadwayDepartment of Ophthalmology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK.
Tunde PetoNIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
Robert LubenDepartment of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Shabina HayatDepartment of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Amit BhanianiDepartment of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Nick WarehamMRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
Paul J FosterNIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
Kay-Tee KhawDepartment of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Funding

Cancer Research UK C864/A2883Cancer Research UK C864/A8257Medical Research Council G0401527Medical Research Council G0500300Medical Research Council G0800603Medical Research Council G1000143Medical Research Council G1001939Medical Research Council G9502233Medical Research Council MC_U106179471Medical Research Council MC_UU_12015/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo investigate the relationship between area deprivation, individual socio-economic status (SES) and age related macular degeneration (AMD). STUDY

designCross sectional study nested within a longitudinal cohort study.

methodsData were collected in the EPIC-Norfolk Eye Study by trained nurses, using standardized protocols and lifestyle questionnaires. The English Index of multiple deprivation 2010 (IMD) was derived from participants' postcodes. AMD was identified from standardized grading of fundus photographs. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between IMD, SES and AMD.

results5344 pairs (62.0% of total 8623) of fundus photographs were of sufficient quality for grading of AMD. Of 5182 participants with complete data, AMD was identified in 653 participants (12.60%, 95%CI = 11.7-13.5%). Multivariable logistic regression showed that people living in the most affluent 5% of areas had nearly half the odds of AMD compared to those living in comparatively more deprived areas (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.36-0.89, P = 0.02), after adjusting for age, sex, education, social class and smoking.

conclusionsThe authors found that living in the most affluent areas exerted a protective effect on AMD, independently of education and social class. Further investigation into underlying mechanisms will inform potential interventions to reduce health inequalities relating to AMD.

Indexed as

Health Status DisparitiesPoverty AreasSocial ClassAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLife StyleLogistic ModelsMacular DegenerationMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisRisk FactorsSmokingArea deprivationInequalitiesMacular degeneration

Identifiers

PMID25687711
PMCPMC4357435

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.