Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25687147›Full record

Trial reportPediatrics2015

Sucrose and warmth for analgesia in healthy newborns: an RCT.

Larry Gray, Elizabeth Garza, Danielle Zageris, Keri J Heilman, Stephen W Porges

Open access · bronzeAbstract readComparative StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Pediatrics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
6.9field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Non-pharmacological management of infant and young child procedural pain.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023
    Pooled it
  2. Sucrose for analgesia in newborn infants undergoing painful procedures.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Larry GrayDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; larrygray@uchicago.edu.
Elizabeth GarzaPediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas;
Danielle ZagerisPhiladelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and.
Keri J HeilmanDepartment of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Stephen W PorgesDepartment of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USBaylor College of Medicine · USPhiladelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine · USUniversity of Chicago · US

Funding

Re-Engineering Translational Research at the University of ChicagoUL1TR000430 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI SOLWAY, JULIAN · 2012 to 2016
$20.2M
Short Term Training: Health Professional StudentsT35DK062719 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI CHANG, EUGENE B · 2003 to 2017
$2.9M
Infant Crying and Developmental Outcome: A Biobehavioral ApproachR01HD053570 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI PORGES, STEPHEN W · 2007 to 2011
$2.5M
Mother's Soothing: Metabolic and Physiologic AdvantagesK23HD049452 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI GRAY, LAWRENCE A · 2005 to 2009
$623k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000430NICHD NIH HHS K23 HD049452NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD053570NIDDK NIH HHS T35 DK062719
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectiveIncreasing data suggest that neonatal pain has long-term consequences. Nonpharmacologic techniques (sucrose taste, pacifier suckling, breastfeeding) are effective and now widely used to combat minor neonatal pain. This study examined the analgesic effect of sucrose combined with radiant warmth compared with the taste of sucrose alone during a painful procedure in healthy full-term newborns.

methodsA randomized, controlled trial included 29 healthy, full-term newborns born at the University of Chicago Hospital. Both groups of infants were given 1.0 mL of 25% sucrose solution 2 minutes before the vaccination, and 1 group additionally was given radiant warmth from an infant warmer before the vaccination. We assessed pain by comparing differences in cry, grimace, heart rate variability (ie, respiratory sinus arrhythmia), and heart rate between the groups.

resultsThe sucrose plus warmer group cried and grimaced for 50% less time after the vaccination than the sucrose alone group (P < .05, respectively). The sucrose plus warmer group had lower heart rate and heart rate variability (ie, respiratory sinus arrhythmia) responses compared with the sucrose alone group (P < .01), reflecting a greater ability to physiologically regulate in response to the painful vaccination.

conclusionsThe combination of sucrose and radiant warmth is an effective analgesic in newborns and reduces pain better than sucrose alone. The ready availability of this practical nonpharmacologic technique has the potential to reduce the burden of newborn pain.

Indexed as

VaccinationAdultAnalgesiaFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHot TemperatureHumansInfant, NewbornMalePacifiersPainPain ManagementPain MeasurementReference ValuesRetrospective StudiesSucroseSucroseSweetening Agentsanalgesiaautonomiccryinggrimacingheart rateinfantnewbornpacifierpainsucrosevaccinationwarmth

Identifiers

PMID25687147
PMCPMC4338320
OpenAlexW2141421093

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.