Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25685840›Full record

ReviewTheScientificWorldJournal2015

Gender differences in individuals at high-risk of psychosis: a comprehensive literature review.

Ana Barajas, Susana Ochoa, Jordi E Obiols, Lluís Lalucat-Jo

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in TheScientificWorldJournal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  5. The role of affective states in computational psychiatry.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
    Review
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  7. Article
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  11. Clinical effects of CYP2D6 phenoconversion in patients with psychosis.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2024
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ana BarajasDepartment of Research, Centre d'Higiene Mental Les Corts, Network Group for Research in Women's Mental Health (NGRWMH), 08029 Barcelona, Spain ; Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain ; Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Network Group for Research in Women's Mental Health (NGRWMH), Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain.
Susana OchoaParc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Network Group for Research in Women's Mental Health (NGRWMH), Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain.
Jordi E ObiolsDepartament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
Lluís Lalucat-JoDepartment of Research, Centre d'Higiene Mental Les Corts, Network Group for Research in Women's Mental Health (NGRWMH), 08029 Barcelona, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionTo date, few studies have focused on the characterization of clinical phenomenology regarding gender in population at high-risk of psychosis. This paper is an attempt to summarize the findings found in the scientific literature regarding gender differences in high-risk populations, taking into account parameters studied in populations with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, such as incidence, clinical expression, duration of untreated illness (DUI), social functioning, and cognitive impairment prior to full-blown psychosis development.

methodStudies were systematically searched in PubMed. Studies using gender variable as a control variable were excluded. 12 studies met inclusion criteria.

resultsMost of the studies found a differential pattern between women and men as regards clinical, social, and cognitive variables in the prodromal phase, with worse performance in men except in cognitive functioning (more severe negative symptoms, worse social functioning, and longer DUI in men). Similar conversion rates over time were found between men and women.

conclusionsMany of the studies analyzed suggest that differences between men and women in the expression of psychosis extend across a continuum, from the subclinical forms of illness to the debut of psychosis. However, the small number of studies and their significant methodological and clinical limitations do not allow for firm conclusions.

Indexed as

Sex FactorsCognitionDelayed DiagnosisFemaleHumansMalePsychotic DisordersRisk FactorsSocial Adjustment

Identifiers

PMID25685840
PMCPMC4312997

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.