ArticlePain2015
Site-specific mesenchymal control of inflammatory pain to yeast challenge in vulvodynia-afflicted and pain-free women.
Article in Pain, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring Localized Provoked Vulvodynia: Insights from Animal Model Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives in vulvodynia: From current evidence to future investigations.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Review
- Vulvodynia: still a dramatically neglected condition. A position statement on pathogenetic mechanisms from the Italian Society of Andrology and Sexual Medicine (SIAMS).Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Review
- Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition restores pro-resolving lipid mediators and reduces inflammation in localized provoked vulvodynia.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- A cautionary tale: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and localized provoked vulvodynia.The journal of pain · 2025Article
- Article
- Dysregulation of Arachidonic Acid Metabolism Drives Inflammatory Lipid Production in Localized Provoked Vulvodynia.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Localized provoked vulvodynia as an immune-mediated inflammatory disease: rationale for a new line of research.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Inflammation, lipids, and pain in vulvar disease.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2023Review
- The Association Between Immune-Related Conditions Across the Life-Course and Provoked Vulvodynia.The journal of pain · 2023Article
- Immune mechanisms in vulvodynia: key roles for mast cells and fibroblasts.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Fibroblasts: the neglected cell type in peripheral sensitisation and chronic pain? A review based on a systematic search of the literature.BMJ open science · 2022Article
- Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators Reduce Pro-nociceptive Inflammatory Mediator Production in Models of Localized Provoked Vulvodynia.The journal of pain · 2021Article
- Localized Provoked Vulvodynia-An Ignored Vulvar Pain Syndrome.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Vulvodynia.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2020Review
- Generating primary murine vaginal fibroblast cell lines.MethodsX · 2020Article
- Article
- Emerging Evidence of Macrophage Contribution to Hyperinnervation and Nociceptor Sensitization in Vulvodynia.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2019Article
- Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Contributes to Proinflammatory Mediator Production in Localized Provoked Vulvodynia.Journal of lower genital tract disease · 2018Article
- Recurrent Yeast Infections and Vulvodynia: Can We Believe Associations Based on Self-Reported Data?Journal of women's health (2002) · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Fibroblast strains were derived from 2 regions of the lower genital tract of localized provoked vulvodynia (LPV) cases and pain-free controls. Sixteen strains were derived from 4 cases and 4 controls, age and race matched, after presampling mechanical pain threshold assessments. Strains were challenged with 6 separate stimuli: live yeast species (Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae), yeast extract (zymosan), or inactive vehicle. Production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were proinflammatory response measures. Highest IL-6 and PGE2 occurred with vestibular strains after C albicans, C glabrata, and zymosan challenges, resulting in the ability to significantly predict IL-6 and PGE2 production by genital tract location. After C albicans and C glabrata challenge of all 16 fibroblast strains, adjusting for dual sampling of subjects, PGE2 and IL-6 production significantly predicted the presampling pain threshold from the genital tract site of sampling. At the same location of pain assessment and fibroblast sampling, in situ immunohistochemical (IHC)(+) fibroblasts for IL-6 and Cox-2 were quantified microscopically. The correlation between IL-6 production and IL-6 IHC(+) was statistically significant; however, biological significance is unknown because of the small number of IHC(+) IL-6 fibroblasts identified. A low fibroblast IL-6 IHC(+) count may result from most IL-6 produced by fibroblasts existing in a secreted extracellular state. Enhanced, site-specific, innate immune responsiveness to yeast pathogens by fibroblasts may be an early step in LPV pathogenesis. Fibroblast strain testing may offer an attractive and objective marker of LPV pathology in women with vulvodynia of inflammatory origin.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.