ArticlePhysiological reports2015
Pattern recognition receptors in the gut: analysis of their expression along the intestinal tract and the crypt/villus axis.
Article in Physiological reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intestinal Epithelial MHC-II at the Interface of Microbiota, Immunity, and Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Commensal Viruses Promote Intestinal Stem Cell Regeneration Following Radiation Damage by Inhibiting Hyperactivation of RIG-I and Notch Signals.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Human colon stem cells are the predominant epithelial responders to bacterial antigens.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Commensal bacteria weaken the intestinal barrier by suppressing epithelial neuropilin-1 and Hedgehog signaling.Nature metabolism · 2023Article
- Changes in intestinal morphology, number of mucus-producing cells and expression of coronavirus receptors APN, DPP4, ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in pigs with aging.Veterinary research · 2023Article
- The Local Activation of Toll-like Receptor 7 (TLR7) Modulates Colonic Epithelial Barrier Function in Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Pioneer colonizers: Bacteria that alter the chicken intestinal morphology and development of the microbiota.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Distribution characteristics of FcμR positive cells in small intestinal lymph nodes of Bactrian camel.PloS one · 2023Article
- How does Quorum Sensing of Intestinal Bacteria Affect Our Health and Mental Status?Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Effects of dietary protein content and crystalline amino acid supplementation patterns on growth performance, intestinal histomorphology, and immune response in weaned pigs raised under different sanitary conditions.Journal of animal science · 2022Article
- Distal Small Bowel Resection Yields Enhanced Intestinal and Colonic Adaptation.The Journal of surgical research · 2022Article
- Drop the Needle; A Temperature Stable Oral Tablet Vaccine Is Protective against Respiratory Viral Pathogens.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Short-term exposure to urban PMPhysiological reports · 2022Article
- Effects ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Epithelial-Specific TLR4 Knockout Challenges Current Evidence of TLR4 Homeostatic Control of Gut Permeability.Inflammatory intestinal diseases · 2021Article
- Isoquinoline Alkaloids in Sows' Diet Reduce Body Weight Loss during Lactation and Increase IgG in Colostrum.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Small Bowel Resection Increases Paracellular Gut Barrier Permeability via Alterations of Tight Junction Complexes Mediated by Intestinal TLR4.The Journal of surgical research · 2021Article
- Regulation of Gastrointestinal Immunity by Metabolites.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Review
- Identification of a Quorum Sensing-Dependent Communication Pathway Mediating Bacteria-Gut-Brain Cross Talk.iScience · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play a critical role in the detection of microorganisms and the induction of inflammatory and immune responses. Using PCR and Western-blot analysis, this study investigated the differential expression in the intestine of 14 PRRs and nine associated cytokines. Thirty-two pigs were used to determine the expression of these markers (1) along the proximal/distal axis of the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) and (2) between the intestinal segments and their respective lymphoid organs (Peyer's patches [PP] and mesenteric lymph nodes [MLN]). Six additional animals were used to quantify the expression of these genes along the crypt/villus axis of jejunum, using microdissected samples. Most genes showed increased expression (1) in the distal than in the proximal parts of the small intestine (TLR3, 5, RIG-I, IL-1β, IL-8, and IFN-γ); (2) in lymphoid organs (TLR1, 2, 6, 9, 10, IL-10, TNF-α), especially the MLN (TLR4, 7, 8, NOD1, NOD2, NALP3, IFN-α, IL-6, IL-12, and TGF-β), than in intestinal segments. The analysis along the crypt/villus identified: (1) genes with higher expression in lamina propria (TLR1, 2, 4, 9, NOD1, NOD2, IL-1β, IL-10, TGF-β, TNF-α) and (2) genes with higher expression in the villus (TLR3, 5, 6, RIG-I, IL-6). These results highlight the differential expression of PRRs and cytokines along the proximal/distal and the crypt/villus axis of the intestine, contributing to a fine analysis of the complex functional architecture of the small intestine and should be related to the gut microbiota.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.