ArticleScientific reports2015
Association between levonorgestrel emergency contraception and the risk of ectopic pregnancy: a multicenter case-control study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety of repeated use of emergency contraceptive pills in the same menstrual cycle: a systematic review.BMJ sexual & reproductive health · 2025Pooled it
- A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Adverse Effects of Levonorgestrel Emergency Oral Contraceptive.Clinical drug investigation · 2020Pooled it
- Pharmacological topics of interest for young people: misinformation on TikTok is common.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Frontier and Inequality Analyses of the Global Burden of Ectopic Pregnancy: Insights from the GBD 2021.International journal of women's health · 2025Article
- Advanced Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy Presenting with a Formed Fetus: Case Analysis and Review of Literature.Clinical medicine insights. Case reports · 2025Article
- Assessing the risk factors and management outcomes of ectopic pregnancy: A retrospective case-control study.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2023Article
- The role of SK3 in progesterone-induced inhibition of human fallopian tubal contraction.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2022Article
- TRPV4 is involved in levonorgestrel-induced reduction in oviduct ciliary beating.The Journal of pathology · 2019Article
- Effects of Levonorgestrel and progesterone on Oviductal physiology in mammals.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2018Article
- Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy in a population of Cameroonian women: A case-control study.PloS one · 2018Article
- Association between knowledge about levonorgestrel emergency contraception and the risk of ectopic pregnancy following levonorgestrel emergency contraception failure: a comparative survey.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2016Article
- Safety data for levonorgestrel, ulipristal acetate and Yuzpe regimens for emergency contraception.Contraception · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cases of ectopic pregnancy (EP) following levonorgestrel emergency contraception (LNG-EC) failure have been reported continuously, but whether there is an association between EP risk and LNG-EC is unclear. We concluded a case-control study to explore this association by recruiting 2,411 EP patients as case group, and 2,416 women with intrauterine pregnancy and 2,419 non-pregnant women as control groups. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidential intervals (CIs) were calculated and adjusted for potential confounding factors. Previous use of LNG-EC was not correlated with the EP. Compared to women who did not use contraceptives, current use of LNG-EC reduced the risk for intrauterine pregnancy (Adjusted OR [AOR] = 0.20, 95%CI: 0.14-0.27), but did not increase the risk for EP (AOR2 = 1.04, 95%CI: 0.76-1.42). Furthermore, compared to women who did not have further act of intercourse, women with unprotected further act of intercourse were at a higher risk of EP (AOR1 = 2.35, 95%CI: 1.17-4.71), and women with repeated use of LNG-EC for further intercourse during the same cycle was also associated with a higher risk for EP (AOR1 = 3.08, 95%CI: 1.09-8.71; AOR2 = 2.49, 95%CI: 1.00-6.19). A better understanding of the risk of EP following LNG-EC failure can optimize LNG-EC use and thus reduce the risk of EP.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.