ArticleJournal of clinical & cellular immunology2014
Depression Correlates with Increased Plasma Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines and a Dysregulated Oxidant/Antioxidant Balance in HIV-1-Infected Subjects Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy.
Article in Journal of clinical & cellular immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05554146 (The Impact of Medical Cannabis on Pain and Inflammation in People Living With HIV), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Impact of Medical Cannabis on Pain and Inflammation in People Living With HIV
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Examining Depression as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in People with HIV: A Systematic Review.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Pro-inflammatory biomarkers associated with depression severity among adults with HIV in New York City.Journal of psychiatric research · 2025Trial
- A Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial of the Effects of Escitalopram on Depressive Symptoms and Immune Function in People With HIV.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- HIV-associated depression: a translational framework targeting neuroimmune inflammation and psychosocial stress modulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Pathogenesis of HIV-associated depression: contributing factors and underlying mechanisms.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Decreased IL-4 is the risk factor of depression in patients with Takayasu arteritis.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Sex-specific associations between plasma interleukin-6 and depression in persons with and without HIV.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2023Article
- Article
- Depression and HIV: a scoping review in search of neuroimmune biomarkers.Brain communications · 2023Article
- The comorbidity of depression and neurocognitive disorder in persons with HIV infection: call for investigation and treatment.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Article
- Systemic and central nervous system neuroinflammatory signatures of neuropsychiatric symptoms and related cognitive decline in older people.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Experiences of new diagnoses among HIV-positive persons: implications for public health.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Astrocyte Activation is A Potential Mechanism Underlying Depressed Mood and Apathy in People with HIV.Journal of neurology and psychology · 2022Article
- Soluble Biomarkers of Cognition and Depression in Adults with HIV Infection in the Combination Therapy Era.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Review
- Unbiased Metabolomics Links Fatty Acid Pathways to Psychiatric Symptoms in People Living with HIV.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- People living with HIV and the emerging field of chronic pain-what is known about epidemiology, etiology, and management.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Review
- Evaluating the Relationship Between Depression and Cognitive Function Among Children and Adolescents with HIV in Zambia.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Review
- Lower CSF homovanillic acid relates to higher burden of neuroinflammation and depression in people with HIV disease.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2020Article
- Higher levels of plasma inflammation biomarkers are associated with depressed mood and quality of life in aging, virally suppressed men, but not women, with HIV.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveDepression is the most common psychiatric diagnosis in the HIV/AIDS population and represents a risk factor for disease progression. Since HIV-1 infection is characterized by immunologic and metabolic disturbances, we want to study the effects of depression on different components related to pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. We hypothesize that depression will lead to increased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and altered antioxidant/oxidant balance.
methodsWe included males and females who were ≥21 years of age, whose HIV-1 sero-status was confirmed by Western Blot, and who were currently undergoing antiretroviral treatment. Patients completed the participation consent form, a socio-demographic survey, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression assessment. We isolated the plasma from participants' blood samples for viral load analysis (RT-PCR), T-cell counts (flow cytometry), and hematological parameters. A cytokine magnetic bead panel was used to measure interleukin-15 (IL-15), interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), IL-12 and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) levels. We also performed assays to determine the antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase and to measure the lipid peroxidation levels using malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-isoprostane assays. Statistical comparisons and correlations at 5% level of significance were determined.
resultsOur results show that subjects with mild/moderate to severe depression as assessed by PHQ-9 had a significantly decreased adherence to anti-retroviral treatment. Subjects with depression also had significantly lower levels of white blood cells (WBC) and platelets (PLT) than did the non-depressed group. The HIV
conclusionsOur results suggest that HIV
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.