ReviewJournal of the Royal Society, Interface2015
Inflammation in intervertebral disc degeneration and regeneration.
Review in Journal of the Royal Society, Interface, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 152 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
152 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 440 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy and safety of endoscopic surgery combined with platelet-rich plasma for lumbar disk herniation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Extracellular Vesicles as an Emerging Treatment Option for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Therapeutic Potential, Translational Pathways, and Regulatory Considerations.Advanced healthcare materials · 2022Pooled it
- Interleukin 1 Polymorphisms Contribute to Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Risk: A Meta-Analysis.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Identification and Experimental Validation of PANoptosis Key Genes for Constructing a PANoptosis Risk Diagnostic Model in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.The journal of gene medicine · 2026Article
- Transgenic Conversion of Omega-6 to Omega-3 Fatty Acids viaJOR spine · 2026Article
- Circulating PDIA4, MMP-2, MMP-9, and Claudin-2 in Vitamin D-Deficient Patients with Brain Tumors: An Exploratory Clinical Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Organ-on-a-Chip Technology: Advances in Modeling Inflammation, Neurovascularization and Nociception in Human Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.Smart medicine · 2026Review
- PHLPP1 Regulates Inflammatory Signaling in Degenerated Nucleus Pulposus Cells in Mice and Humans.Cells · 2026Article
- Immune system expression profiling in patients experiencing low back pain: A pilot study.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · 2026Observational
- Ubiquitination in intervertebral disc degeneration: from mechanisms to potential therapeutic strategies.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Article
- Plasma Proteomic Profiling Identifies a Six-Protein Panel for Grading and Predicting Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.Journal of proteome research · 2026Article
- Data-driven serum cytokine and chemokine phenotypes are associated with MRI-defined disc regression and persistent radicular pain in lumbar disc herniation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
- Space Physiology and Technology: Adaptations, Countermeasures, and Opportunities for Wearable Systems.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Inflammatory protein mediators linking gut microbiota to degenerative lumbar spine disorders: cross-disease genetic evidence.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Bioinformatic analysis of glycosylation-related genes in intervertebral disc degeneration and their roles in immune infiltration and diagnostic models.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Immunomodulatory Biomaterials for Bone and Soft Tissue Chronic Inflammation Diseases.Small science · 2025Review
- Macrophage Subtypes Distinctly Impact Intervertebral Disc Inflammation and Extracellular Matrix Composition.JOR spine · 2025Article
- CX3CR1 modulates acute disc herniation-induced pain via regulating local inflammation and spinal microglia activation.Osteoarthritis and cartilage · 2025Article
- Degenerating intervertebral discs in the streptozotocin-high-fat diet model of type 2 diabetes show extensive inflammation.Disease models & mechanisms · 2025Article
92 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is one of the major causes of low back pain, a problem with a heavy economic burden, which has been increasing in prevalence as populations age. Deeper knowledge of the complex spatial and temporal orchestration of cellular interactions and extracellular matrix remodelling is critical to improve current IVD therapies, which have so far proved unsatisfactory. Inflammation has been correlated with degenerative disc disease but its role in discogenic pain and hernia regression remains controversial. The inflammatory response may be involved in the onset of disease, but it is also crucial in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Furthermore, if properly balanced it may contribute to tissue repair/regeneration as has already been demonstrated in other tissues. In this review, we focus on how inflammation has been associated with IVD degeneration by describing observational and in vitro studies as well as in vivo animal models. Finally, we provide an overview of IVD regenerative therapies that target key inflammatory players.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.