ArticlePharmaceutical research2015
Formulation, Characterization, and Antitumor Properties of Trans- and Cis-Citral in the 4T1 Breast Cancer Xenograft Mouse Model.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Multiplicative Effects of Essential Oils and Other Active Components on Skin Tissue and Skin Cancers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors inhibit proliferation of endometriosis cells.Reproduction (Cambridge, England) · 2023Article
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- Essential oil fromBulletin of the National Research Centre · 2022Article
- Aloysia Citrodora Essential Oil Inhibits Melanoma Cell Growth and Migration by Targeting HB-EGF-EGFR Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Long non-coding RNA LINC00887 promotes progression of lung carcinoma by targeting the microRNA-206/NRP1 axis.Oncology letters · 2021Article
- Development of a Novel Multi-Isoform ALDH Inhibitor Effective as an Antimelanoma Agent.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2020Article
- In Vivo Anti-Tumor Effects of Citral on 4T1 Breast Cancer Cells via Induction of Apoptosis and Downregulation of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- In vitro cytotoxicity and anticancer effects of citral nanostructured lipid carrier on MDA MBA-231 human breast cancer cells.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Induction of programmed cell death in Trypanosoma cruzi by Lippia alba essential oils and their major and synergistic terpenes (citral, limonene and caryophyllene oxide).BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2018Article
- Citral induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 spheroid cells.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2018Article
- Effects of lemongrass oil and citral on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes, oxidative stress, and acetaminophen toxicity in rats.Journal of food and drug analysis · 2018Article
- Diastereoselective synthesis of chiral 1,3-cyclohexadienals.PloS one · 2018Article
- Citral reduces breast tumor growth by inhibiting the cancer stem cell marker ALDH1A3.Molecular oncology · 2016Article
- Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Constituents from the Essential Oil of Lippia alba (Verbenaceae).Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Article
- Modulation of oxidative stress and subsequent induction of apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress allows citral to decrease cancer cell proliferation.Scientific reports · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeCitral is composed of a random mixture of two geometric stereoisomers geranial (trans-citral) and neral (cis-citral) yet few studies have directly compared their in vivo antitumor properties. A micelle formulation was therefore developed.
methodsGeranial and neral were synthesized. Commercially-purchased citral, geranial, and neral were formulated in PEG-b-PCL (block sizes of 5000:10,000, Mw/Mn 1.26) micelles. In vitro degradation, drug release, cytotoxicity, flow cytometry, and western blot studies were conducted. The antitumor properties of drug formulations (40 and 80 mg/kg based on MTD studies) were evaluated on the 4T1 xenograft mouse model and tumor tissues were analyzed by western blot.
resultsMicelles encapsulated drugs with >50% LE at 5-40% drug to polymer (w/w), displayed sustained release (t1/2 of 8-9 h), and improved drug stability at pH 5.0. The IC50 of drug formulations against 4T1 cells ranged from 1.4 to 9.9 μM. Western blot revealed that autophagy was the main cause of cytotoxicity. Geranial at 80 mg/kg was most effective at inhibiting tumor growth.
conclusionsGeranial is significantly more potent than neral and citral at 80 mg/kg (p < 0.001) and western blot of tumor tissues confirms that autophagy and not apoptosis is the major mechanism of tumor growth inhibition in p53-null 4T1 cells.
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